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Single Idea 23727
[filed under theme 22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / h. Expressivism
]
Full Idea
The pro- and con- attitudes of the expressivists count as 'moral' only if they are had towards particular people, actions or states of affairs in virtue of their natural features, ….rather than in virtue of being the particulars that they are.
Gist of Idea
Expressivists count attitudes as 'moral' if they concern features of things, rather than their mere existence
Source
Michael Smith (The Moral Problem [1994], 2.4)
Book Ref
Smith,Michael: 'The Moral Problem' [Blackwell 1994], p.24
A Reaction
So whereas emotivists don't have to have any reasons for their moral feelings, other expressivists seem to require reasons (i.e. indicating features of things) to endorse their attitudes. What of reasonless emotionless attitudes?
Related Idea
Idea 23725
Ayer defends the emotivist version of expressivism [Ayer, by Smith,M]
The
20 ideas
from Michael Smith
23728
|
Analysis aims to express the full set of platitudes surrounding a given concept
[Smith,M]
|
23723
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In the Humean account, desires are not true/false, or subject to any rational criticism
[Smith,M]
|
23724
|
A pure desire could be criticised if it were based on a false belief
[Smith,M]
|
23727
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Expressivists count attitudes as 'moral' if they concern features of things, rather than their mere existence
[Smith,M]
|
23729
|
Moral internalism says a judgement of rightness is thereby motivating
[Smith,M]
|
23730
|
'Rationalism' says the rightness of an action is a reason to perform it
[Smith,M]
|
23731
|
'Externalists' say moral judgements are not reasons, and maybe not even motives
[Smith,M]
|
23732
|
A person could make a moral judgement without being in any way motivated by it
[Smith,M]
|
23733
|
Motivating reasons are psychological, while normative reasons are external
[Smith,M]
|
23736
|
A person can have a desire without feeling it
[Smith,M]
|
23735
|
Subjects may be fallible about the desires which explain their actions
[Smith,M]
|
23738
|
Humeans (unlike their opponents) say that desires and judgements can separate
[Smith,M]
|
23739
|
Goals need desires, and so only desires can motivate us
[Smith,M]
|
23740
|
Humeans take maximising desire satisfaction as the normative reasons for actions
[Smith,M]
|
23741
|
Is valuing something a matter of believing or a matter of desiring?
[Smith,M]
|
23742
|
If first- and second-order desires conflict, harmony does not require the second-order to win
[Smith,M]
|
23746
|
Objective reasons to act might be the systematic desires of a fully rational person
[Smith,M]
|
23744
|
Defining a set of things by paradigms doesn't pin them down enough
[Smith,M]
|
23743
|
Capturing all the common sense facts about rationality is almost impossible
[Smith,M]
|
23745
|
We cannot expect even fully rational people to converge on having the same desires for action
[Smith,M]
|