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Single Idea 2754

[filed under theme 13. Knowledge Criteria / A. Justification Problems / 2. Justification Challenges / a. Agrippa's trilemma ]

Full Idea

Foundationalism can get rid of the regress argument with one of three types of belief: those justified by something other than beliefs, those which justify themselves, or those which need no justification.

Gist of Idea

Foundations are justified by non-beliefs, or circularly, or they need no justification

Source

Jonathan Dancy (Intro to Contemporary Epistemology [1985], 4.3)

Book Ref

Dancy,Jonathan: 'Introduction to Contemporary Epistemology' [Blackwell 1985], p.63


A Reaction

A nice clear trilemma, and none of them will do, which is why foundationalism is false. I vote for Davidson's view, that only a belief can justify another belief.


The 10 ideas with the same theme [all three justification structures look hopeless]:

Parts and wholes are either equally knowable or equally unknowable [Plato]
Without distinguishing marks, how do I know what my beliefs are about? [Plato]
Sceptics say justification is an infinite regress, or it stops at the unknowable [Aristotle]
Agrippa's Trilemma: justification is infinite, or ends arbitrarily, or is circular [Agrippa, by Williams,M]
Sceptics say demonstration depends on self-demonstrating things, or indemonstrable things [Diog. Laertius]
There are five possible responses to the problem of infinite regress in justification [Cleve]
Infinitism avoids a regress, circularity or arbitrariness, by saying warrant just increases [Klein,P]
Foundations are justified by non-beliefs, or circularly, or they need no justification [Dancy,J]
Coherentists say that regress problems are assuming 'linear' justification [Williams,M]
Justification is either unanchored (infinite or circular), or anchored (in knowledge or non-knowledge) [Audi,R]