more on this theme     |     more from this thinker

Single Idea 3300

[filed under theme 5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 7. Predicates in Logic ]

Full Idea

Basic to Aristotle's logic is the grammatical distinction between subject and predicate, which he glosses in terms of the contrast between a substance and its properties.

Gist of Idea

Aristotle's logic is based on the subject/predicate distinction, which leads him to substances and properties

Source

report of Aristotle (Prior Analytics [c.328 BCE]) by José A. Benardete - Metaphysics: the logical approach Intro

Book Ref

Benardete,José A.: 'Metaphysics: The Logical Approach' [OUP 1989], p.2

A Reaction

The introduction of quantifiers and 'logical form' can't disguise the fact that we still talk about (and with) objects and predicates, because no one can think of any other way to talk.

The 15 ideas from 'Prior Analytics'

13819 Aristotle's said some Fs are G or some Fs are not G, forgetting that there might be no Fs [Bostock on Aristotle]
22271 Aristotle was the first to use schematic letters in logic [Aristotle, by Potter]
11060 Aristotelian syllogisms are three-part, subject-predicate, existentially committed, with laws of thought [Aristotle, by Hanna]
18909 Aristotelian sentences are made up by one of four 'formative' connectors [Aristotle, by Engelbretsen]
8080 Aristotelian identified 256 possible syllogisms, saying that 19 are valid [Aristotle, by Devlin]
13912 Aristotle replaced Plato's noun-verb form with unions of pairs of terms by one of four 'copulae' [Aristotle, by Engelbretsen/Sayward]
18896 Aristotle places terms at opposite ends, joined by a quantified copula [Aristotle, by Sommers]
3300 Aristotle's logic is based on the subject/predicate distinction, which leads him to substances and properties [Aristotle, by Benardete,JA]
8079 Aristotelian logic has two quantifiers of the subject ('all' and 'some') [Aristotle, by Devlin]
18911 Linguistic terms form a hierarchy, with higher terms predicable of increasing numbers of things [Aristotle, by Engelbretsen]
11149 Affirming/denying sentences are universal, particular, or indeterminate [Aristotle]
11148 Deduction is when we suppose one thing, and another necessarily follows [Aristotle]
9403 There are three different deductions for actual terms, necessary terms and possible terms [Aristotle]
14641 A deduction is necessary if the major (but not the minor) premise is also necessary [Aristotle]
8071 Aristotle listed nineteen valid syllogisms (though a few of them were wrong) [Aristotle, by Devlin]