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Single Idea 4477
[filed under theme 8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 1. Universals
]
Full Idea
Universals come in hierarchies of generality.
Gist of Idea
Universals come in hierarchies of generality
Source
Michael J. Loux (Metaphysics: contemporary introduction [1998], p.24)
Book Ref
Loux,Michael J.: 'Metaphysics: a contemporary introduction' [Routledge 2000], p.24
A Reaction
If it is possible to state facts about universals, this obviously encourages a rather Platonic approach to them, as existent things with properties. But maybe the hierarchies are conventional, not natural.
The
37 ideas
with the same theme
[single concepts applying to many things]:
11379
|
Substance is not a universal, as the former is particular but a universal is shared
[Aristotle]
|
12096
|
Universals are indeterminate and only known in potential, because they are general
[Aristotle, by Witt]
|
15034
|
Are genera and species real or conceptual? bodies or incorporeal? in sensibles or separate from them?
[Porphyry]
|
5016
|
Five universals: genus, species, difference, property, accident
[Descartes]
|
6487
|
Locke, Berkeley and Hume did no serious thinking about universals
[Robinson,H on Locke]
|
10533
|
We can't get a semantics from nouns and predicates referring to the same thing
[Frege, by Dummett]
|
5383
|
Every complete sentence must contain at least one word (a verb) which stands for a universal
[Russell]
|
4428
|
Propositions express relations (prepositions and verbs) as well as properties (nouns and adjectives)
[Russell]
|
5406
|
Confused views of reality result from thinking that only nouns and adjectives represent universals
[Russell]
|
4479
|
All universals are like the relation "is north of", in having no physical location at all
[Russell, by Loux]
|
8495
|
The distinction between particulars and universals is a mistake made because of language
[Ramsey]
|
8493
|
We could make universals collections of particulars, or particulars collections of their qualities
[Ramsey]
|
1612
|
Realism, conceptualism and nominalism in medieval universals reappear in maths as logicism, intuitionism and formalism
[Quine]
|
8506
|
Particulars and properties are distinguishable, but too close to speak of a relation
[Armstrong]
|
4448
|
Should we decide which universals exist a priori (through words), or a posteriori (through science)?
[Armstrong]
|
17678
|
Universals are just the repeatable features of a world
[Armstrong]
|
13573
|
Universals are all types of natural kind
[Ellis]
|
13572
|
There are 'substantive' (objects of some kind), 'dynamic' (events of some kind) and 'property' universals
[Ellis]
|
10532
|
We can understand universals by studying predication
[Dummett]
|
10488
|
It is lunacy to think we only see ink-marks, and not word-types
[Boolos]
|
15453
|
The main rivals to universals are resemblance or natural-class nominalism, or sparse trope theory
[Lewis]
|
15746
|
If particles were just made of universals, similar particles would be the same particle
[Lewis]
|
15745
|
Universals recur, are multiply located, wholly present, make things overlap, and are held in common
[Lewis]
|
8569
|
I suspend judgements about universals, but their work must be done
[Lewis]
|
8502
|
Realism doesn't explain 'a is F' any further by saying it is 'a has F-ness'
[Devitt]
|
10472
|
'Structural universals' methane and butane are made of the same universals, carbon and hydrogen
[Oliver]
|
4477
|
Universals come in hierarchies of generality
[Loux]
|
4481
|
Austere nominalists insist that the realist's universals lack the requisite independent identifiability
[Loux]
|
8288
|
Sortal terms for universals involve a substance, whereas adjectival terms do not
[Lowe]
|
4197
|
The category of universals can be sub-divided into properties and relations
[Lowe]
|
10402
|
Various attempts are made to evade universals being wholly present in different places
[Swoyer]
|
10318
|
Realists take universals to be the referrents of both adjectives and of nouns
[Hale]
|
10511
|
It is doubtful if one entity, a universal, can be picked out by both predicates and abstract nouns
[Hale]
|
10521
|
If F can't have location, there is no problem of things having F in different locations
[Hale]
|
4451
|
If properties are universals, what distinguishes two things which have identical properties?
[Moreland]
|
4453
|
One realism is one-over-many, which may be the model/copy view, which has the Third Man problem
[Moreland]
|
4464
|
Realists see properties as universals, which are single abstract entities which are multiply exemplifiable
[Moreland]
|