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Single Idea 4578
[filed under theme 22. Metaethics / B. Value / 1. Nature of Value / b. Fact and value
]
Full Idea
In many writers I find that instead of the usual propositions 'is' and 'is not', I then find no proposition that is not connected with an 'ought' or an 'ought not'. It is necessary that a reason be given for how one can be a deduction from the other.
Gist of Idea
You can't move from 'is' to 'ought' without giving some explanation or reason for the deduction
Source
David Hume (Treatise of Human Nature [1739], III.1.1)
Book Ref
Hume,David: 'A Treatise of Human Nature', ed/tr. Mossner,Ernest C. [Penguin 1969], p.521
A Reaction
A huge claim, the basis of the value-free modern scientific world view. Possible escapes are Greek virtue theory, or Kantian principles, or some sort of a priori values (as in Charles Taylor).
The
25 ideas
with the same theme
[distinction between what is and what ought to be]:
4547
|
Plato measured the degree of reality by the degree of value
[Nietzsche on Plato]
|
4581
|
Virtues and vices are like secondary qualities in perception, found in observers, not objects
[Hume]
|
4008
|
Modern science has destroyed the Platonic synthesis of scientific explanation and morality
[Hume, by Taylor,C]
|
8067
|
The problem of getting to 'ought' from 'is' would also apply in getting to 'owes' or 'needs'
[Anscombe on Hume]
|
4578
|
You can't move from 'is' to 'ought' without giving some explanation or reason for the deduction
[Hume]
|
5576
|
We cannot derive moral laws from experience, as it is the mother of illusion
[Kant]
|
22203
|
Only facts follow from facts
[Husserl]
|
22155
|
We are disenchanted because we rely on science, which ignores values
[Weber, by Boulter]
|
20748
|
We do not add value to naked things; its involvement is disclosed in understanding it
[Heidegger]
|
20928
|
Facts don't oppose values; they are integrated into each person's aspirations
[Gadamer, by Zimmermann,J]
|
23434
|
There is no fact-value gap in 'owls should see in the dark'
[Foot]
|
22487
|
Moral arguments are grounded in human facts
[Foot]
|
22377
|
Whether someone is rude is judged by agreed criteria, so the facts dictate the value
[Foot]
|
22378
|
We can't affirm a duty without saying why it matters if it is not performed
[Foot]
|
22376
|
Facts and values are connected if we cannot choose what counts as evidence of rightness
[Foot]
|
22491
|
Moral evaluations are not separate from facts, but concern particular facts about functioning
[Foot]
|
7624
|
The word 'inconsiderate' nicely shows the blurring of facts and values
[Putnam]
|
4135
|
Some ethical ideas, such as 'treachery' and 'promise', seem to express a union of facts and values
[Williams,B]
|
3835
|
If it is true, you ought to believe it
[Searle]
|
3836
|
If this is a man, you ought to accept similar things as men
[Searle]
|
8012
|
The value/fact logical gulf is misleading, because social facts involve values
[MacIntyre]
|
21837
|
Morality is normative because it identifies best practices among the normal practices
[Flanagan]
|
4937
|
Systems that generate a sense of value are basic to the primitive brain
[Edelman/Tononi]
|
4770
|
Nothing is more usual than to apply to external bodies every internal sensation which they occasion
[Psillos]
|
22156
|
The facts about human health are the measure of the values in our lives
[Boulter]
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