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Single Idea 584
[filed under theme 13. Knowledge Criteria / E. Relativism / 3. Subjectivism
]
Full Idea
The claim that all appearances are true makes all things relational. Hence the claim is shifted to all appearances being true relative to a subject, time, sense and context.
Gist of Idea
If truth is relative it is relational, and concerns appearances relative to a situation
Source
Aristotle (Metaphysics [c.324 BCE], 1011a20)
Book Ref
Aristotle: 'Metaphysics', ed/tr. Lawson-Tancred,Hugh [Penguin 1998], p.105
A Reaction
applies to Epicurus
The
22 ideas
with the same theme
[knowledge is entirely 'down to the individual']:
431
|
Health, feeding and rest are only made good by disease, hunger and weariness
[Heraclitus]
|
462
|
One vision is produced by both eyes
[Empedocles]
|
3313
|
If my hot wind is your cold wind, then wind is neither hot nor cold, and so not as cold as itself
[Benardete,JA on Protagoras]
|
3317
|
You can only state the problem of the relative warmth of an object by agreeing on the underlying object
[Benardete,JA on Protagoras]
|
584
|
If truth is relative it is relational, and concerns appearances relative to a situation
[Aristotle]
|
585
|
If relativism is individual, how can something look sweet and not taste it, or look different to our two eyes?
[Aristotle]
|
2975
|
That honey is sweet I do not affirm, but I agree that it appears so
[Timon]
|
1878
|
Water that seems lukewarm can seem very hot on inflamed skin
[Sext.Empiricus]
|
1879
|
Sickness is perfectly natural to the sick, so their natural perceptions should carry some weight
[Sext.Empiricus]
|
1880
|
Some actions seem shameful when sober but not when drunk
[Sext.Empiricus]
|
1876
|
If we enjoy different things, presumably we receive different impressions
[Sext.Empiricus]
|
1877
|
If we had no hearing or sight, we would assume no sound or sight exists, so there may be unsensed qualities
[Sext.Empiricus]
|
3932
|
A hot hand and a cold hand will have different experiences in the same tepid water
[Berkeley]
|
7541
|
Man never understands how anthropomorphic he is
[Goethe]
|
6579
|
Nietzsche's perspectivism says our worldview depends on our personality
[Nietzsche, by Fogelin]
|
24083
|
It would be absurd to say we are only permitted our own single perspective
[Nietzsche]
|
7149
|
Comprehending everything is impossible, because it abolishes perspectives
[Nietzsche]
|
7169
|
Is the perspectival part of the essence, or just a relation between beings?
[Nietzsche]
|
7182
|
'Perspectivism': the world has no meaning, but various interpretations give it countless meanings
[Nietzsche]
|
7183
|
'Subjectivity' is an interpretation, since subjects (and interpreters) are fictions
[Nietzsche]
|
7133
|
It is tempting to think many eyes means many truths - so not truth
[Nietzsche]
|
6685
|
'Subjectivism' is an extension of relativism from the social group to the individual
[Graham]
|