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Single Idea 5992
[filed under theme 7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 6. Criterion for Existence
]
Full Idea
Chrysippus regarded power to act and be acted upon as the criterion for existence or being - a test satisfied by bodies alone.
Gist of Idea
Chrysippus says action is the criterion for existence, which must be physical
Source
report of Chrysippus (fragments/reports [c.240 BCE]) by Teun L. Tieleman - Chrysippus
Book Ref
'Encyclopedia of Classical Philosophy', ed/tr. Zeyl,Donald J. [Fitzroy Dearborn 1997], p.138
A Reaction
This defines existence in terms of causation. Is he ruling out a priori a particle (say) which exists, but never interacts with anything? If so, he is inclining towards anti-realism.
The
60 ideas
from 'fragments/reports'
9199
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Wisdom for one instant is as good as wisdom for eternity
[Chrysippus]
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20853
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Wise men should try to participate in politics, since they are a good influence
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20772
|
Three branches of philosophy: first logic, second ethics, third physics (which ends with theology)
[Chrysippus]
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5969
|
Chrysippus said the uncaused is non-existent
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
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21388
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The causes of future true events must exist now, so they will happen because of destiny
[Chrysippus, by Cicero]
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20780
|
Graspable presentations are criteria of facts, and are molded according to their objects
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20793
|
How could you ever know that the presentation is similar to the object?
[Sext.Empiricus on Chrysippus]
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8077
|
Stoic propositional logic is like chemistry - how atoms make molecules, not the innards of atoms
[Chrysippus, by Devlin]
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20791
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Chrysippus has five obvious 'indemonstrables' of reasoning
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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6023
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Every proposition is either true or false
[Chrysippus, by Cicero]
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8078
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Modus ponens is one of five inference rules identified by the Stoics
[Chrysippus, by Devlin]
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5992
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Chrysippus says action is the criterion for existence, which must be physical
[Chrysippus, by Tieleman]
|
21673
|
There are simple and complex facts; the latter depend on further facts
[Chrysippus, by Cicero]
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16652
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Stoics categories are Substrate, Quality, Disposition, and Relation
[Chrysippus, by Pasnau]
|
20837
|
Fate is an eternal and fixed chain of causal events
[Chrysippus]
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16058
|
Dion and Theon coexist, but Theon lacks a foot. If Dion loses a foot, he ousts Theon?
[Chrysippus, by Philo of Alexandria]
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16059
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Change of matter doesn't destroy identity - in Dion and Theon change is a condition of identity
[Chrysippus, by Long/Sedley]
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1875
|
Dogs show reason in decisions made by elimination
[Chrysippus, by Sext.Empiricus]
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3048
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Stoics say that God the creator is the perfection of all animals
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20834
|
Chrysippus allows evil to say it is fated, or even that it is rational and natural
[Plutarch on Chrysippus]
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20833
|
A swerve in the atoms would be unnatural, like scales settling differently for no reason
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
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20808
|
Everything is fated, either by continuous causes or by a supreme rational principle
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20835
|
Chrysippus is wrong to believe in non-occurring future possibilities if he is a fatalist
[Plutarch on Chrysippus]
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20836
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The Lazy Argument responds to fate with 'why bother?', but the bothering is also fated
[Chrysippus, by Cicero]
|
21679
|
When we say events are fated by antecedent causes, do we mean principal or auxiliary causes?
[Chrysippus]
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20787
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A proposition is what can be asserted or denied on its own
[Chrysippus]
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20850
|
Passions are judgements; greed thinks money is honorable, and likewise drinking and lust
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20869
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The highest degree of morality performs all that is appropriate, omitting nothing
[Chrysippus]
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3044
|
Stoics say that beauty and goodness are equivalent and linked
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20838
|
Fate initiates general causes, but individual wills and characters dictate what we do
[Chrysippus]
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20813
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Human purpose is to contemplate and imitate the cosmos
[Chrysippus]
|
20774
|
Only nature is available to guide action and virtue
[Chrysippus]
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3045
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Stoics say justice is a part of nature, not just an invented principle
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20864
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Live in agreement, according to experience of natural events
[Chrysippus]
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20855
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Chrysippus says virtue can be lost (though Cleanthes says it is too secure for that)
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
|
5970
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Chrysippus says nothing is blameworthy, as everything conforms with the best nature
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
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20842
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Rational animals begin uncorrupted, but externals and companions are bad influences
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20856
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Justice, the law, and right reason are natural and not conventional
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
|
1779
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We don't have obligations to animals as they aren't like us
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20857
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Justice is irrelevant to animals, because they are too unlike us
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20812
|
Covers are for shields, and sheaths for swords; likewise, all in the cosmos is for some other thing
[Chrysippus]
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21403
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The later Stoics identified the logos with an air-fire compound, called 'pneuma'
[Chrysippus, by Long]
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20828
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Fire is a separate element, not formed with others (as was previously believed)
[Chrysippus, by Stobaeus]
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1777
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Pleasure is not the good, because there are disgraceful pleasures
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20845
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There are shameful pleasures, and nothing shameful is good, so pleasure is not a good
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
|
5967
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People need nothing except corn and water
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
|
1782
|
Stoics teach that God is a unity, variously known as Mind, or Fate, or Jupiter
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
|
20819
|
The past and the future subsist, but only the present exists
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
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20818
|
The present does not exist, so our immediate experience is actually part past and part future
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
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20821
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Time is continous and infinitely divisible, so there cannot be a wholly present time
[Chrysippus, by Stobaeus]
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20773
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The origin of justice can only be in Zeus, and in nature
[Chrysippus]
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3042
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Stoics teach that law is identical with right reason, which is the will of Zeus
[Chrysippus, by Diog. Laertius]
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20830
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Death can't separate soul from body, because incorporeal soul can't unite with body
[Chrysippus]
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21404
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There is a rationale in terrible disasters; they are useful to the whole, and make good possible
[Chrysippus]
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5966
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All virtue is good, but not always praised (as in not lusting after someone ugly)
[Chrysippus]
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5973
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Justice can be preserved if pleasure is a good, but not if it is the goal
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
|
5965
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The source of all justice is Zeus and the universal nature
[Chrysippus]
|
5975
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Stoics say earth, air, fire and water are the primary elements
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
|
5971
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Destiny is only a predisposing cause, not a sufficient cause
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
|
5972
|
Living happily is nothing but living virtuously
[Chrysippus, by Plutarch]
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