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Single Idea 7929
[filed under theme 9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 7. Substratum
]
Full Idea
The three main theories of substance are the bundle theory (Leibniz, Berkeley, Hume, Ayer), the bare substratum theory (Locke and Bergmann), and the essentialist theory.
Gist of Idea
A substance is either a bundle of properties, or a bare substratum, or an essence
Source
Cynthia Macdonald (Varieties of Things [2005], Ch.3)
Book Ref
Macdonald,Cynthia: 'Varieties of Things' [Blackwell 2005], p.81
A Reaction
Macdonald defends the essentialist theory. The essentialist view immediately appeals to me. Properties must be OF something, and the something must have the power to produce properties. So there.
The
22 ideas
with the same theme
[an object's underlying aspect, apart from surface features]:
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10962
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It is unclear whether Aristotle believes in a propertyless subject, his 'ultimate matter'
[Aristotle, by Lawson-Tancred]
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10942
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If you extract all features of the object, what is left over?
[Aristotle]
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16575
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Something must pre-exist any new production
[Aristotle]
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16142
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A substrate is either a 'this' supporting qualities, or 'matter' supporting actuality
[Aristotle]
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16103
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A subject can't be nothing, so it must qualify as separate, and as having a distinct identity
[Aristotle, by Gill,ML]
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16631
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If we remove surface qualities from wax, we have an extended, flexible, changeable thing
[Descartes]
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12559
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Complex ideas are collections of qualities we attach to an unknown substratum
[Locke]
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12968
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A 'substratum' is just a metaphor for whatever supports several predicates
[Leibniz]
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15814
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A peach is sweet and fuzzy, but it doesn't 'have' those qualities
[Chisholm]
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15481
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I favour the idea of a substratum for properties; spacetime seems to be just a bearer of properties
[Martin,CB]
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15264
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The notorious substratum results from substance-with-qualities; individuals-with-powers solves this
[Harré/Madden]
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11969
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Models nicely separate particulars from their clothing, and logicians often accept that metaphysically
[Kaplan]
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12764
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For the bare particular view, properties must be features, not just groups of objects
[Stalnaker]
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16407
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Possible worlds allow separating all the properties, without hitting a bare particular
[Stalnaker]
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7929
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A substance is either a bundle of properties, or a bare substratum, or an essence
[Macdonald,C]
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7941
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Each substance contains a non-property, which is its substratum or bare particular
[Macdonald,C]
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7942
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The substratum theory explains the unity of substances, and their survival through change
[Macdonald,C]
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7943
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A substratum has the quality of being bare, and they are useless because indiscernible
[Macdonald,C]
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16584
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If a substrate gives causal support for change, quite a lot of the ingredients must endure
[Pasnau]
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16579
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There may be different types of substrate, or temporary substrates
[Pasnau]
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16580
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A substrate may be 'prime matter', which endures through every change
[Pasnau]
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16596
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A substratum can't be 'bare', because it has a job to do
[Pasnau]
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