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Single Idea 9473

[filed under theme 26. Natural Theory / D. Laws of Nature / 5. Laws from Universals ]

Full Idea

Laws, or what flow from them, are supposed to provide a unified explanation of the behaviours of particulars. Without universals the explanation of the behaviours of things lacks the required unity.

Gist of Idea

Laws cannot offer unified explanations if they don't involve universals

Source

Alexander Bird (Nature's Metaphysics [2007], 2.1.2)

Book Ref

Bird,Alexander: 'Nature's Metaphysics' [OUP 2007], p.18


A Reaction

Sounds a bit question-begging? Gravity seems fairly unified, whereas the frequency of London buses doesn't. Maybe I could unify bus-behaviour by positing a few new universals? The unity should first be in the phenomena, not in the explanation.


The 13 ideas with the same theme [laws seen as necessary relations between universals]:

In causal laws, 'events' must recur, so they have to be universals, not particulars [Russell]
Rather than take necessitation between universals as primitive, just make laws primitive [Maudlin on Armstrong]
Armstrong has an unclear notion of contingent necessitation, which can't necessitate anything [Bird on Armstrong]
The laws of nature link properties with properties [Armstrong]
Maybe laws of nature are just relations between properties? [Harré]
We might say laws are necessary by combining causal properties with Armstrong-Dretske-Tooley laws [Shoemaker]
Originally Humeans based lawlike statements on pure qualities, without particulars [Harré/Madden]
Individuals enter into laws only through their general qualities and relations [McMichael]
Laws of nature are necessary relations between universal properties, rather than about particulars [Mumford]
If laws can be uninstantiated, this favours the view of them as connecting universals [Mumford]
Laws cannot offer unified explanations if they don't involve universals [Bird]
If the universals for laws must be instantiated, a vanishing particular could destroy a law [Bird]
The view that laws are grounded in substance plus external necessity doesn't suit dispositionalism [Vetter]