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Single Idea 5289
[filed under theme 23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 1. Virtue Theory / d. Virtue theory critique
]
Full Idea
During the time that the aristocracy was dominant, the concepts honour, loyalty etc. were dominant, and during the dominance of the bourgeoisie the concepts of freedom, equality etc.
Clarification
The 'bourgeoisie' are the middle classes
Gist of Idea
When aristocracy or the bourgeoisie dominate, certain values dominate with them
Source
K Marx / F Engels (The German Ideology [1846], §1.B)
Book Ref
Marx,K./Engels,F.: 'The German Ideology', ed/tr. Arthur,C.J. [Lawrence and Wishart 1985], p.65
A Reaction
This is a very anti-Aristotelian view, based on a very different idea of human nature. It must, to some extent, be true, but freedom and equality will be a value for the proletariat, and loyalty will be a key value if the family is central.
The
24 ideas
from 'The German Ideology'
|
23872
|
'Society determines consciousness' is contradictory; society only exists in minds
[Weil on Marx/Engels]
|
|
5277
|
Life is not determined by consciousness, but consciousness by life
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5280
|
Language co-exists with consciousness, and makes it social
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5281
|
Consciousness is a social product
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5276
|
The nature of an individual coincides with what they produce and how they produce it
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5278
|
Philosophy is no more than abstractions concerning observations of human historical development
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5274
|
Young Hegelians proposed changing our present consciousness for liberating critical consciousness
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5273
|
Young Hegelians think consciousness is chains for men, where old Hegelians think it the bond of society
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5282
|
If the common interest imposes on the individual, his actions become alienated and enslaving
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5283
|
In communist society we are not trapped in one activity, but can act freely
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5275
|
Men distinguish themselves from animals when they begin to produce their means of subsistence
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5284
|
Communism abolishes private property and dissolves the powerful world market
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5279
|
Human history must always be studied in relation to industry and exchange
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5286
|
Most historians are trapped in the illusions of their own epoch
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5285
|
Slavery cannot be abolished without the steam-engine
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5288
|
The class controlling material production also controls mental production
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5290
|
The revolutionary class is opposed to 'class', and represents all of society
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5287
|
Philosophical problems are resolved into empirical facts
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5289
|
When aristocracy or the bourgeoisie dominate, certain values dominate with them
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5291
|
The law says private property is the result of the general will
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5292
|
Individuals are mutually hostile unless they group together in competition with other groups
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5293
|
Only in community are people able to cultivate their gifts, and therefore be free
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
5294
|
To assert themselves as individuals, the proletarians must overthrow the State
[Marx/Engels]
|
|
21992
|
Producing their own subsistence distinguishes men from animals
[Marx/Engels]
|