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Single Idea 8261

[filed under theme 10. Modality / A. Necessity / 3. Types of Necessity ]

Full Idea

It might be metaphysically necessary that p but logically possible that not-p, so that metaphysical necessity is not, after all, absolute.

Gist of Idea

Maybe not-p is logically possible, but p is metaphysically necessary, so the latter is not absolute

Source

Bob Hale (Absolute Necessities [1996]), quoted by E.J. Lowe - The Possibility of Metaphysics 1.5

Book Ref

Lowe,E.J.: 'The Possibility of Metaphysics' [OUP 2001], p.16


A Reaction

Lowe presents this as dilemma, but it sounds fine to me. Flying pigs etc. have no apparent logical problems, but I can't conceive of a possible world where pigs like ours fly in a world like ours. Earthbound pigs may be metaphysically necessary.


The 8 ideas from 'Absolute Necessities'

Maybe not-p is logically possible, but p is metaphysically necessary, so the latter is not absolute [Hale]
'Relative' necessity is just a logical consequence of some statements ('strong' if they are all true) [Hale]
A strong necessity entails a weaker one, but not conversely; possibilities go the other way [Hale]
Metaphysical necessity says there is no possibility of falsehood [Hale]
'Broadly' logical necessities are derived (in a structure) entirely from the concepts [Hale]
Absolute necessity might be achievable either logically or metaphysically [Hale]
Logical necessities are true in virtue of the nature of all logical concepts [Hale]
Conceptual necessities are made true by all concepts [Hale]