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Single Idea 11128

[filed under theme 18. Thought / D. Concepts / 4. Structure of Concepts / c. Classical concepts ]

Full Idea

The classical theory is that a concept has a definitional structure in that it is composed of simpler concepts that express necessary and sufficient conditions for falling under the concept, the stock example being unmarried and a man for 'bachelor'.

Gist of Idea

Classically, concepts give necessary and sufficient conditions for falling under them

Source

E Margolis/S Laurence (Concepts [2009], 2.1)

Book Ref

'Stanford Online Encyclopaedia of Philosophy', ed/tr. Stanford University [plato.stanford.edu], p.6

A Reaction

This is the background idea to philosophy as analysis, and it makes concepts essentially referential, in that they are defined by their ability to pick things out. There must be some degree of truth in the theory.

The 23 ideas from E Margolis/S Laurence

11120 Concepts are either representations, or abilities, or Fregean senses [Margolis/Laurence]
11121 Language of thought has subject/predicate form and includes logical devices [Margolis/Laurence]
11122 A computer may have propositional attitudes without representations [Margolis/Laurence]
11124 Do mental representations just lead to a vicious regress of explanations [Margolis/Laurence]
11123 Maybe the concept CAT is just the ability to discriminate and infer about cats [Margolis/Laurence]
11125 The abilities view cannot explain the productivity of thought, or mental processes [Margolis/Laurence]
11128 Classically, concepts give necessary and sufficient conditions for falling under them [Margolis/Laurence]
11129 The classical theory explains acquisition, categorization and reference [Margolis/Laurence]
11130 Typicality challenges the classical view; we see better fruit-prototypes in apples than in plums [Margolis/Laurence]
11131 It may be that our concepts (such as 'knowledge') have no definitional structure [Margolis/Laurence]
11134 People don't just categorise by apparent similarities [Margolis/Laurence]
11136 Many complex concepts obviously have no prototype [Margolis/Laurence]
11133 Prototype theory categorises by computing the number of shared constituents [Margolis/Laurence]
11135 Complex concepts have emergent properties not in the ingredient prototypes [Margolis/Laurence]
11132 The prototype theory is probabilistic, picking something out if it has sufficient of the properties [Margolis/Laurence]
11137 The theory theory of concepts says they are parts of theories, defined by their roles [Margolis/Laurence]
11138 The theory theory is holistic, so how can people have identical concepts? [Margolis/Laurence]
11139 Maybe concepts have no structure, and determined by relations to the world, not to other concepts [Margolis/Laurence]
11140 Concept-structure explains typicality, categories, development, reference and composition [Margolis/Laurence]
11141 Modern empiricism tends to emphasise psychological connections, not semantic relations [Margolis/Laurence]
11142 Body-type seems to affect a mind's cognition and conceptual scheme [Margolis/Laurence]
11146 People can formulate new concepts which are only named later [Margolis/Laurence]
11147 Naturalistic philosophers oppose analysis, preferring explanation to a priori intuition [Margolis/Laurence]