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26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 7. Later Matter Theories / c. Matter as extension

[matter is just whatever occupies a space]

8 ideas
Bodies are three-dimensional substances [Aquinas]
Impenetrability only belongs to the essence of extension [Descartes]
Matter is not hard, heavy or coloured, but merely extended in space [Descartes]
Matter can't just be Descartes's geometry, because a filler of the spaces is needed [Robinson,H on Descartes]
Even if extension is impenetrable, this still offers no explanation for motion and its laws [Leibniz]
Leibniz eventually said resistance, rather than extension, was the essence of body [Leibniz, by Pasnau]
Extension and impenetrability together make the concept of matter [Kant]
Locke's solidity is not matter, because that is impenetrability and hardness combined [Robinson,H]