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15. Nature of Minds / C. Capacities of Minds / 1. Faculties

[theory that each distinct capacity has a specific source]

18 ideas
Whether the mind has parts is irrelevant, since it obviously has distinct capacities [Aristotle]
Courage from spirit is natural and unconquerable, as seen in the young [Aristotle]
Our conceptions arise from experience, similarity, analogy, transposition, composition and opposition [Stoic school, by Diog. Laertius]
We just use the word 'faculty' when we don't know the psychological cause [Galen]
Philosophers think faculties are in substances, and invent a faculty for every activity [Galen]
Sensations are transmitted to 'internal senses' in the brain, chiefly to 'phantasia' and 'imagination' [Aquinas, by Kretzmann/Stump]
Our four knowledge faculties are intelligence, imagination, the senses, and memory [Descartes]
Descartes mentions many cognitive faculties, but reduces them to will and intellect [Descartes, by Schmid]
Faculties are either fictions, or the abstract universals of ideas [Spinoza]
Kant's only answer as to how synthetic a priori judgements are possible was that we have a 'faculty'! [Nietzsche on Kant]
Judgements which are essentially and strictly universal reveal our faculty of a priori cognition [Kant]
Reason has logical and transcendental faculties [Kant]
Minds have an excluding drive to scare things off, and a selecting one to filter facts [Nietzsche]
Our primary faculty is perception of structure, as when looking in a mirror [Nietzsche]
Distinguishing reason from passion is based on an archaic 'faculty' theory [Solomon]
Mental modules for language, social, action, theory, space, emotion [McGinn]
There are 23 core brain functions, with known circuit, transmitters, genes and behaviour [Watson]
Our concepts can never fully capture reality, but simplification does not falsify [Boulter]