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27. Natural Reality / B. Modern Physics / 1. Relativity / b. General relativity

[gravity seen as curvatures of space-time]

5 ideas
General Relativity says there is no absolute force or acceleration [Einstein, by Close]
     Full Idea: Einstein's General Theory arose from the idea that there is no absolute measure of force and acceleration.
     From: report of Albert Einstein (works [1915]) by Frank Close - Theories of Everything 5 'Gravity'
     A reaction: If absolutely everything is only true relative to something else you wonder what the point of measuring anything is. How big can a 'frame of reference' or 'inertial frame' be. Is the multiverse a frame of reference?
Unlike Newton, Einstein's general theory explains the perihelion of Mercury [Smart]
     Full Idea: Newtonian celestial mechanics does not explain the advance of the perihelion of Mercury, while Einstein's general theory of relativity does.
     From: J.J.C. Smart (Explanation - Opening Address [1990], p.03)
     A reaction: A perfect example of why explanation is the central concept in science, and probably in all epistemological activity. The desire to know is the desire for an explanation. Once the explanation is obvious, we know.
The general relativity equations relate curvature in space-time to density of energy-momentum [Close]
     Full Idea: The essence of general relativity relates 'curvature in space-time' on one side of the equation to the 'density of momentum and energy' on the other. ...In full, Einstein required ten equations of this type.
     From: Frank Close (Theories of Everything [2017], 5 'Gravity')
     A reaction: Momentum involves mass, and energy is equivalent to mass (e=mc^2).
General Relativity: the density of energy and matter determines curvature and gravity [Krauss]
     Full Idea: The left-hand side of the general relativity equations descrbe the curvature of the universe, and the strength of gravitational forces acting on matter and radiation. The right-hand sides reflect the total density of all kinds of energy and matter.
     From: Lawrence M. Krauss (A Universe from Nothing [2012], 04)
     A reaction: I had assumed that the equations just described the geometry. In fact the matter determines the nature of the universe in which it exists. Presumably only things with mass get a vote.
In the Big Bang general relativity fails, because gravity is too powerful [New Sci.]
     Full Idea: At the origin of the universe gravity becomes so powerful that general relativity breaks down, giving infinity for every answer.
     From: New Scientist writers (Why the Universe Exists [2017], 09)