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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / a. Normativity

[what ought to be true as an aspect of nature]

8 ideas
We only understand what exists, and can find no sign of what ought to be in nature [Kant]
Minds essentially and always strive towards value [Weil]
If you demonstrate the reason to act, there is no further question of 'why should I?' [Foot]
Ethics is the science of the conditions that lead to human flourishing [Flanagan]
Many reject 'moral realism' because they can't see any truthmakers for normative judgements [Heil]
Truths about value entail normative truths about actions or attitudes [Orsi]
Values can be normative in the Fitting Attitude account, where 'good' means fitting favouring [Orsi]
The Buck-Passing view of normative values says other properties are reasons for the value [Orsi]