1312 | If everything is and isn't then everything is true, and a midway between true and false makes everything false [Aristotle on Heraclitus] |
1701 | A prayer is a sentence which is neither true nor false [Aristotle] |
12363 | Everything is either asserted or denied truly [Aristotle] |
21668 | Epicurus rejected excluded middle, because accepting it for events is fatalistic [Epicurus, by Cicero] |
6023 | Every proposition is either true or false [Chrysippus, by Cicero] |
2669 | Dialectic assumes that all statements are either true or false, but self-referential paradoxes are a big problem [Cicero] |
21595 | Excluded middle is the maxim of definite understanding, but just produces contradictions [Hegel] |
18844 | You would cripple mathematics if you denied Excluded Middle [Hilbert] |
2947 | Questions wouldn't lead anywhere without the law of excluded middle [Russell] |
21539 | Excluded middle can be stated psychologically, as denial of p implies assertion of not-p [Russell] |
18944 | Russell's theories aim to preserve excluded middle (saying all sentences are T or F) [Sawyer on Russell] |
15941 | For intuitionists excluded middle is an outdated historical convention [Brouwer] |
9357 | Excluded middle is just our preference for a simplified dichotomy in experience [Lewis,CI] |
19192 | The truth definition proves semantic contradiction and excluded middle laws (not the logic laws) [Tarski] |
9024 | Excluded middle has three different definitions [Quine] |
9195 | Intuitionists reject excluded middle, not for a third value, but for possibility of proof [Dummett] |
8179 | The law of excluded middle is the logical reflection of the principle of bivalence [Dummett] |
7334 | Anti-realism needs an intuitionist logic with no law of excluded middle [Dummett, by Miller,A] |
17587 | The 'Law' of Excluded Middle needs all propositions to be definitely true or definitely false [Inwagen] |
9775 | Excluded Middle, and classical logic, may fail for vague predicates [Fine,K] |
10251 | The law of excluded middle might be seen as a principle of omniscience [Shapiro] |
8729 | Intuitionists deny excluded middle, because it is committed to transcendent truth or objects [Shapiro] |
9605 | If a proposition is false, then its negation is true [Brown,JR] |
21605 | Excluded Middle is 'A or not A' in the object language [Williamson] |
10111 | Asserting Excluded Middle is a hallmark of realism about the natural world [George/Velleman] |
15934 | Mathematical proof by contradiction needs the law of excluded middle [Lavine] |
8709 | The law of excluded middle is syntactic; it just says A or not-A, not whether they are true or false [Friend] |
17924 | Excluded middle says P or not-P; bivalence says P is either true or false [Colyvan] |