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25. Social Practice / D. Justice / 3. Punishment / b. Retribution for crime

[punishment as giving offenders what they deserve]

12 ideas
Protagoras seems to have made the huge move of separating punishment from revenge [Protagoras, by Vlastos]
Socrates was the first to grasp that a cruelty is not justified by another cruelty [Vlastos on Socrates]
Errors result from external influence, and should be corrected, not hated [Aristippus elder, by Diog. Laertius]
Only put someone to death if the whole population believes it is deserved [Mengzi (Mencius)]
It is noble to avenge oneself on one's enemies, and not come to terms with them [Aristotle]
Primitive people simply redressed the evil caused by violence, without thought of punishing [Rousseau]
Retributive punishment is better than being sent to hospital for your crimes [Kant, by Berlin]
Violation of rights deserves punishment, which is vengeance, rather than restitution [Kant]
Whenever we have seen suffering, we have wanted the revenge of punishment [Nietzsche]
Moral wickedness of an offence is always relevant to the degree of punishment [Hart,HLA]
In early Greece the word for punishment was also the word for vengeance [Vlastos]
How should the punishment fit the crime (for stealing chickens?) [Tuckness/Wolf]