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Ideas of Franklin Perkins, by Text

[American, fl. 2007, Professor at DePaul University, Chicago.]

2007 Leibniz: Guide for the Perplexed
3.1 p.62 Substance needs independence, unity, and stability (for individuation); also it is a subject, for predicates
     Full Idea: For individuation, substance needs three properties: independence, to separate it from other things; unity, to call it one thing, rather than an aggregate; and permanence or stability over time. Its other role is as subject for predicates.
     From: Franklin Perkins (Leibniz: Guide for the Perplexed [2007], 3.1)
     A reaction: Perkins is describing the Aristotelian view, which is taken up by Leibniz. 'Substance' is not a controversial idea, if we see that it only means that the world is full of 'things'. It is an unusual philosopher wholly totally denies that.