green numbers give full details.     |    back to list of philosophers     |     expand these ideas

Ideas of Karl Marx, by Text

[German, 1818 - 1883, Born at Trier. Worked in the British Museum Reading Room. Died in London.]

1844 Contrib to Critique of Hegel's Phil of Right
p.21 The middle class gain freedom through property, but workers can only free all of humanity [Singer]
Intro p.158 Religion is the opium of the people, and real happiness requires its abolition
Intro p.69 p.20 Theory is as much a part of a revolution as material force is
1844 On the Jewish Question
p.129 Marxists say liberal rights are confrontational, and liberal equality is a sham [Wolff,J]
p.60 p.18 Man is dominated by money, which is the essence of his alienation
Vol 3: 135 p.198 Private property is self-interested freedom, rather than freedom through community
Vol 3: 153 p.198 The state pretends that inequalities are non-political, but takes their influence for granted
1844 Paris Manuscripts
p.18 Alienation is from the product, the work, the human achievement, and from fellow humans [Edwards,J/Leiter,B]
1846 Theses on Feuerbach
p.186 The authentic self exists at the level of class, rather than the individual [Dunt]
§II p.121 Whether human thinking can be 'true' must be decided in practice, not theory
§VI p.122 The human essence is not found in individuals but in social relations
§VII p.122 Religious feeling is social in origin
§XI p.123 Philosophers have interpreted the world, but the point is to change it
1847 The Poverty of Philosophy
p.202 p.36 The handmill gives feudalism, the steam mill capitalism
1860 Collected works (w Engels) - 50 vols
p.43 By saying the material dialectic of history aspires to the best, Marx agreed with capitalism [Weil]
p.63 False consciousness results from concealment by the superstructure [Singer]
p.96 Early Marx anticipates communitarian objections to liberalism [Oksala]
p.130 Capitalism changes the world, by socialising the idea of a commodity [Bowie]
p.146 Armies and businesses create moralities in which their activity can do no wrong [Weil]
p.149 Marx says force is everything, and that the weak will become strong, while remaining the weak [Weil]
p.151 An ideology is largely false, is biased and unevidenced, and supports the ruling class [Edwards,J/Leiter,B]
p.155 The essence of capitalism is the subordination of people to things [Weil]
p.163 Marx rejected equal rights because they never actually treat people as equals [Kymlicka]
p.224 Marx thought capitalism was partly liberating, and could make labour and ownership more humane [Bowie]
p.251 Liberal freedom is the right to be separate, and ignores the union of man with man
p.53 p.295 Liberals want the right to be separate, rather than for people to be united
Vol 3: 176 p.187 Once religion is unmasked, the task of philosophy is to unmask other types of self-estrangement
Vol 39:62-5 letter p.57 The dictatorship of the proletariat is just a transition stage to a classless society
Vol 5: 30 p.153 Young Hegelians think the conflict only concerns concepts and ideas
Vol 5: 419-20 p.154 Ideologists think their theories drive social forces, when they are actually mere symptoms
Vol 6: 486 p.61 The bourgeoisie now control society, through modern industry and markets
Vol 6:212 p.82 The working class will gradual exclude social classes and their antagonisms
Vol 6:504 p.81 The proletariat will become the ruling class, wresting all capital, and centralising production
1867 Capital Vol. 1
p.39 Must production determine superstructure, or could it be the other way round? [Singer]
p.728 p.102 Even decently paid workers still have their produce bought with money stolen from them
1873 Capital Vol. 3
p.496 p.54 Freedom only comes when labour is no longer necessary
1875 Critique of the Gotha Program
p.64 From each according to his ability, to each according to his need
I p.316 People who only have their labour power are the slaves of those permitting them to work
IV p.327 Freedom is making the state subordinate to its society
IV p.328 In moving from capitalism to communism a revolutionary dictatorship of the proletariat is needed
IV p.330 Bourgeois 'freedom of conscience' just tolerates all sorts of religious intolerance
1876 Grundrisse
p.563 p.76 The real will of the cooperative will replace the 'will of the people'