Ideas of Francisco Suárez, by Theme

[Spanish, 1548 - 1617, Born in Spain. Taught at Coimbra from 1597 to 1616. A Jesuit. Died in Lisbon.]

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8. Modes of Existence / B. Properties / 8. Properties as Modes
There are entities, and then positive 'modes', modifying aspects outside the thing's essence
A mode determines the state and character of a quantity, without adding to it
9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / a. Substance
Substances are incomplete unless they have modes [Pasnau]
9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 2. Hylomorphism / a. Hylomorphism
Forms must rule over faculties and accidents, and are the source of action and unity
9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 2. Hylomorphism / d. Form as unifier
Partial forms of leaf and fruit are united in the whole form of the tree
The best support for substantial forms is the co-ordinated unity of a natural being
9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 4. Quantity of an Object
We can get at the essential nature of 'quantity' by knowing bulk and extension
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 5. Essence as Kind
Only natural kinds and their members have real essences [Cover/O'Leary-Hawthorne]
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 14. Knowledge of Essences
We only know essences through non-essential features, esp. those closest to the essence
9. Objects / F. Identity among Objects / 1. Concept of Identity
Minor Real distinction: B needs A, but A doesn't need B [Boulter]
Identity does not exclude possible or imagined difference [Boulter]
Major Real distinction: A and B have independent existences [Boulter]
Real Essential distinction: A and B are of different natural kinds [Boulter]
Conceptual/Mental distinction: one thing can be conceived of in two different ways [Boulter]
Modal distinction: A isn't B or its property, but still needs B [Boulter]
10. Modality / D. Knowledge of Modality / 4. Conceivable as Possible / a. Conceivable as possible
Scholastics assess possibility by what has actually happened in reality [Boulter]
26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 4. Naturalised causation
The old 'influx' view of causation says it is a flow of accidental properties from A to B [Jolley]
29. Religion / B. Monotheistic Religion / 4. Christianity / c. Angels
Other things could occupy the same location as an angel