Ideas from 'Inessential Aristotle: Powers without Essences' by Anjan Chakravarrty [2012], by Theme Structure
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8. Modes of Existence / C. Powers and Dispositions / 1. Powers
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Powers give explanations, without being necessary for some class membership
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9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 5. Essence as Kind
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A kind essence is the necessary and sufficient properties for membership of a class
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9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 15. Against Essentialism
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Cluster kinds are explained simply by sharing some properties, not by an 'essence'
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14. Science / D. Explanation / 2. Types of Explanation / g. Causal explanations
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Explanation of causal phenomena concerns essential kinds - but also lack of them
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26. Natural Theory / B. Natural Kinds / 4. Source of Kinds
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Some kinds, such as electrons, have essences, but 'cluster kinds' do not
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26. Natural Theory / D. Laws of Nature / 1. Laws of Nature
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Many causal laws do not refer to kinds, but only to properties
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