Ideas from 'Trees, Terms and Truth' by George Engelbretsen [2005], by Theme Structure
[found in 'The Old New Logic' (ed/tr Oderberg,David S.) [MIT 2005,0-262-65106-8]].
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3. Truth / B. Truthmakers / 5. What Makes Truths / a. What makes truths
18915
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If facts are the truthmakers, they are not in the world
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18919
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There are no 'falsifying' facts, only an absence of truthmakers
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4. Formal Logic / A. Syllogistic Logic / 1. Aristotelian Logic
18913
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Traditional term logic struggled to express relations
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4. Formal Logic / A. Syllogistic Logic / 3. Term Logic
18907
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Term logic rests on negated terms or denial, and that propositions are tied pairs
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5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 2. History of Logic
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Was logic a branch of mathematics, or mathematics a branch of logic?
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5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 1. Logical Form
18905
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Propositions can be analysed as pairs of terms glued together by predication
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18922
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Logical syntax is actually close to surface linguistic form
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5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 2. Logical Connectives / c. not
18908
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Standard logic only negates sentences, even via negated general terms or predicates
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7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 6. Criterion for Existence
18917
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Existence and nonexistence are characteristics of the world, not of objects
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7. Existence / D. Theories of Reality / 8. Facts / a. Facts
18916
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Facts are not in the world - they are properties of the world
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7. Existence / E. Categories / 4. Category Realism
18921
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Individuals are arranged in inclusion categories that match our semantics
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19. Language / B. Reference / 2. Denoting
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Terms denote objects with properties, and statements denote the world with that property
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19. Language / D. Propositions / 1. Propositions
18920
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'Socrates is wise' denotes a sentence; 'that Socrates is wise' denotes a proposition
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19. Language / F. Communication / 3. Denial
18906
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Negating a predicate term and denying its unnegated version are quite different
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