Ideas from 'Philosophy of Science: Very Short Intro (2nd ed)' by Samir Okasha [2016], by Theme Structure
[found in 'Philosophy of Science: very short intro (2nd ed)' by Okasha,Samir [OUP 2016,978-0-19-874558-7]].
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7. Existence / C. Structure of Existence / 2. Reduction
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Multiple realisability is said to make reduction impossible
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14. Science / A. Basis of Science / 3. Experiment
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Not all sciences are experimental; astronomy relies on careful observation
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Randomised Control Trials have a treatment and a control group, chosen at random
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14. Science / A. Basis of Science / 6. Falsification
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The discoverers of Neptune didn't change their theory because of an anomaly
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Science mostly aims at confirming theories, rather than falsifying them
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14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 1. Scientific Theory
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Theories with unobservables are underdetermined by the evidence
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14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 5. Commensurability
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Two things can't be incompatible if they are incommensurable
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14. Science / C. Induction / 1. Induction
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Induction is inferences from examined to unexamined instances of a given kind
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14. Science / C. Induction / 6. Bayes's Theorem
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If the rules only concern changes of belief, and not the starting point, absurd views can look ratiional
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27. Natural Reality / A. Classical Physics / 1. Mechanics / b. Laws of motion
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Galileo refuted the Aristotelian theory that heavier objects fall faster
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