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Ideas from 'Timaeus' by Plato [362 BCE], by Theme Structure

[found in 'Complete Works' by Plato (ed/tr Cooper,John M.) [Hackett 1997,0-87220-349-2]].

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1. Philosophy / A. Wisdom / 2. Wise People
24261 Devotion to learning and applied intelligence leads to divine wisdom - if truth is available
1. Philosophy / D. Nature of Philosophy / 1. Philosophy
326 For relaxation one can consider the world of change, instead of eternal things
1. Philosophy / D. Nature of Philosophy / 2. Invocation to Philosophy
315 Philosophy is the supreme gift of the gods to mortals
2. Reason / B. Laws of Thought / 2. Sufficient Reason
306 Nothing can come to be without a cause
2. Reason / D. Definition / 11. Ostensive Definition
24250 We should not pick out 'this' water, but only 'something of this sort'
6. Mathematics / C. Sources of Mathematics / 4. Mathematical Empiricism / a. Mathematical empiricism
24246 The sun was made for light, so we could learn numbers from astronomical movement
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 3. Being / c. Becoming
324 Before the existence of the world there must have been being, space and becoming
20364 The apprehensions of reason remain unchanging, but reasonless sensation shows mere becoming
8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 6. Platonic Forms / a. Platonic Forms
307 Something will always be well-made if the maker keeps in mind the eternal underlying pattern
318 In addition to the underlying unchanging model and a changing copy of it, there must also be a foundation of all change
12042 Plato's Forms were seen as part of physics, rather than of metaphysics [Annas]
321 For knowledge and true opinion to be different there must be Forms; otherwise we are just stuck with sensations
8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 6. Platonic Forms / b. Partaking
317 The universe is basically an intelligible and unchanging model, and a visible and changing copy of it
9. Objects / F. Identity among Objects / 6. Identity between Objects
24254 Two existing entities can never strictly coincide
10. Modality / A. Necessity / 2. Nature of Necessity
24236 Some statements about what is obvious and stable are as irrefutable as possible
11. Knowledge Aims / A. Knowledge / 1. Knowledge
24252 Knowledge is taught, has logos, is unshakeable, and is rare
12. Knowledge Sources / C. Rationalism / 1. Rationalism
24251 If knowledge is just true belief, we are forced to rely on the senses
334 Only bird-brained people think astronomy is entirely a matter of evidence
15. Nature of Minds / A. Nature of Mind / 2. Psuche
5962 Plato says the soul is ordered by number [Plutarch]
24244 The soul is a complex mixture of pure mind and changing matter
15. Nature of Minds / A. Nature of Mind / 8. Brain
24258 The gods placed the mortal soul in the chest
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 6. Determinism / a. Determinism
330 No one wants to be bad, but bad men result from physical and educational failures, which they do not want or choose
18. Thought / B. Mechanics of Thought / 6. Artificial Thought / a. Artificial Intelligence
24240 Intelligence requires soul
21. Aesthetics / A. Aesthetic Experience / 4. Beauty
24241 Beauty must always be perfect
21. Aesthetics / B. Nature of Art / 8. The Arts / a. Music
316 Music has harmony like the soul, and serves to reorder disharmony within us
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / e. Human nature
24260 The best part of the soul raises us up to the heavens, to which we are naturally akin
22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / e. Death
24259 Death in old age is a natural end, untroubled, and more pleasure than distress
22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 1. Goodness / a. Form of the Good
24239 Perfect goodness always produces perfect beauty
22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 2. Happiness / d. Routes to happiness
332 One should exercise both the mind and the body, to avoid imbalance
22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 3. Pleasure / d. Sources of pleasure
24257 Unnatural modifications are painful, and restoring normality is pleasant
22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 3. Pleasure / e. Role of pleasure
328 Everything that takes place naturally is pleasant
24. Political Theory / B. Nature of a State / 4. Citizenship
24234 I have discussed the best constitution, and the kind of citizens it requires
24. Political Theory / D. Ideologies / 12. Feminism
24235 Female Guardians will have identical duties to the men
24248 The god said human nature comes as the superior male, and inferior female
25. Social Practice / E. Policies / 5. Education / a. Aims of education
322 Intelligence is the result of rational teaching; true opinion can result from irrational persuasion
25. Social Practice / E. Policies / 5. Education / b. Education principles
331 Bad governments prevent discussion, and discourage the study of virtue
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 1. Nature
310 The creator of the cosmos had no envy, and so wanted things to be as like himself as possible
311 The cosmos must be unique, because it resembles the creator, who is unique
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / a. Greek matter
24249 The elements seem able to transmute into each other
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / f. Ancient elements
24243 The world-maker used the four elements and their properties in entirety
26. Natural Theory / A. Speculations on Nature / 6. Early Matter Theories / g. Atomism
325 We must consider the four basic shapes as too small to see, only becoming visible in large numbers
26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 1. Causation
327 There are two types of cause, the necessary and the divine
27. Natural Reality / A. Classical Physics / 1. Mechanics / a. Explaining movement
24255 Motion needs differing moved and mover, so it originates in diversity
27. Natural Reality / C. Space / 1. Void
24256 The spherical universe composed of four elements squeezes out every bit of void
27. Natural Reality / C. Space / 2. Space
24253 Space is eternal and indestructible, but is only known by barely credible reasoning
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 1. Nature of Time / d. Time as measure
24245 The god created eternity in the sequence of the universe, and its image we call 'time'
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 2. Passage of Time / a. Experience of time
314 Heavenly movements gave us the idea of time, and caused us to inquire about the heavens
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 3. Parts of Time / a. Beginning of time
312 Time came into existence with the heavens, so that there will be a time when they can be dissolved
27. Natural Reality / E. Cosmology / 1. Cosmology
309 Clearly the world is good, so its maker must have been concerned with the eternal, not with change
27. Natural Reality / E. Cosmology / 3. The Beginning
308 If the cosmos is an object of perception then it must be continually changing
24238 The god found chaos, and led it to superior order
27. Natural Reality / E. Cosmology / 10. Multiverse
24242 Is there a plurality (or even an infinity) of universes? No, because the model makes it unique
29. Religion / A. Polytheistic Religion / 2. Greek Polytheism
24247 The universe has four types of living being: gods, birds, fish, and land animals
29. Religion / D. Religious Issues / 3. Problem of Evil / d. Natural Evil
24237 The divine organiser of the world wanted it to have as little imperfection as possible