Ideas from 'Sophistical Refutations' by Aristotle [331 BCE], by Theme Structure
[found in 'Sophistical Refutations, On the Cosmos etc (III)' by Aristotle (ed/tr Forster,E.S. /Furley,D.J.) [Harvard Loeb 1955,0-674-99441-8]].
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2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 1. On Reason
2676
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Didactic argument starts from the principles of the subject, not from the opinions of the learner
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2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 4. Aims of Reason
2675
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Reasoning is a way of making statements which makes them lead on to other statements
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2. Reason / C. Styles of Reason / 1. Dialectic
2677
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Dialectic aims to start from generally accepted opinions, and lead to a contradiction
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2. Reason / C. Styles of Reason / 3. Eristic
2674
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Competitive argument aims at refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism or repetition
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5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 2. Logical Connectives / d. and
16967
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'Are Coriscus and Callias at home?' sounds like a single question, but it isn't
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9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 10. Essence as Species
16149
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Generic terms like 'man' are not substances, but qualities, relations, modes or some such thing
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9. Objects / F. Identity among Objects / 8. Leibniz's Law
11840
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Only if two things are identical do they have the same attributes
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