Ideas from 'Three Dialogues of Hylas and Philonous' by George Berkeley [1713], by Theme Structure
[found in 'The Principles of Human Knowledge etc.' by Berkeley,George (ed/tr Warnock,G.J.) [Fontana 1962,-]].
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7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 5. Reason for Existence
3942
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I do not believe in the existence of anything, if I see no reason to believe it
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7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 6. Criterion for Existence
3952
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I know that nothing inconsistent can exist
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9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / d. Substance defined
3959
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There is no other substance, in a strict sense, than spirit
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10. Modality / A. Necessity / 10. Impossibility
3946
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A thing is shown to be impossible if a contradiction is demonstrated within its definition
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11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 1. Perceptual Realism / a. Naïve realism
3958
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Since our ideas vary when the real things are said to be unchanged, they cannot be true copies
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11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 1. Perceptual Realism / b. Direct realism
3943
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If existence is perceived directly, by which sense; if indirectly, how is it inferred from direct perception?
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11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 2. Phenomenalism
3931
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Sensible objects are just sets of sensible qualities
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5192
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Berkeley did not deny material things; he merely said they must be defined through sensations [Ayer]
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5174
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Berkeley needed a phenomenalist account of the self, as well as of material things [Ayer]
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11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 3. Idealism / c. Empirical idealism
1103
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'To be is to be perceived' is a simple confusion of experience with its objects [Russell]
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6403
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For Berkelely, reality is ideas and a community of minds, including God's [Grayling]
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3945
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There is nothing in nature which needs the concept of matter to explain it
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3947
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Perceptions are ideas, and ideas exist in the mind, so objects only exist in the mind
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3936
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Time is measured by the succession of ideas in our minds
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3930
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There is no such thing as 'material substance'
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3939
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I conceive a tree in my mind, but I cannot prove that its existence can be conceived outside a mind
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12. Knowledge Sources / B. Perception / 2. Qualities in Perception / c. Primary qualities
3933
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Primary qualities (such as shape, solidity, mass) are held to really exist, unlike secondary qualities
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12. Knowledge Sources / B. Perception / 2. Qualities in Perception / e. Primary/secondary critique
3934
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A mite would see its own foot as large, though we would see it as tiny
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3935
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The apparent size of an object varies with its distance away, so that can't be a property of the object
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3937
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'Solidity' is either not a sensible quality at all, or it is clearly relative to our senses
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3940
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Distance is not directly perceived by sight
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12. Knowledge Sources / B. Perception / 3. Representation
3957
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Immediate objects of perception, which some treat as appearances, I treat as the real things themselves
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12. Knowledge Sources / D. Empiricism / 1. Empiricism
3953
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Real things and imaginary or dreamed things differ because the latter are much fainter
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12. Knowledge Sources / D. Empiricism / 4. Pro-Empiricism
3938
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Geometry is originally perceived by senses, and so is not purely intellectual
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13. Knowledge Criteria / D. Scepticism / 3. Illusion Scepticism
3944
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It is possible that we could perceive everything as we do now, but nothing actually existed.
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13. Knowledge Criteria / E. Relativism / 3. Subjectivism
3932
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A hot hand and a cold hand will have different experiences in the same tepid water
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15. Nature of Minds / A. Nature of Mind / 4. Other Minds / c. Knowing other minds
3948
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Experience tells me that other minds exist independently from my own
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17. Mind and Body / E. Mind as Physical / 5. Causal Argument
3941
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How can that which is unthinking be a cause of thought?
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18. Thought / C. Content / 2. Ideas
5374
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Berkeley probably used 'idea' to mean both the act of apprehension and the thing apprehended [Russell]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / a. Preconditions for ethics
3954
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Immorality is not in the action, but in the deviation of the will from moral law
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28. God / B. Proving God / 1. Proof of God
3950
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There must be a God, because all sensible things must be perceived by him
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3951
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There must be a God, because I and my ideas are not independent
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28. God / B. Proving God / 3. Proofs of Evidence / b. Teleological Proof
3949
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It has been proved that creation is the workmanship of God, from its beauty and usefulness
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29. Religion / D. Religious Issues / 3. Problem of Evil / b. Human Evil
3956
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People are responsible because they have limited power, though this ultimately derives from God
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29. Religion / D. Religious Issues / 3. Problem of Evil / d. Natural Evil
3955
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If sin is not just physical, we don't consider God the origin of sin because he causes physical events
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