Ideas from 'The New Organon' by Francis Bacon [1620], by Theme Structure

[found in 'The New Organon' by Bacon,Francis (ed/tr Jardine,L/Silverthorne,M) [CUP 2000,0-521-56483-2]].

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8. Modes of Existence / E. Nominalism / 1. Nominalism / a. Nominalism
Only individual bodies exist
                        Full Idea: Nothing truly exists in nature beyond individual bodies.
                        From: Francis Bacon (The New Organon [1620]), quoted by Robert Pasnau - Metaphysical Themes 1274-1671 182
                        A reaction: [Unusually, Pasnau gives no reference in the text; possibly II:1-2] What this leaves out, from even an auster nominalist ontology, is undifferentiated stuff like water. Even electrons don't seem quite distinct from one another.
9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 2. Hylomorphism / c. Form as causal
There are only individual bodies containing law-based powers, and the Forms are these laws
                        Full Idea: Though nothing exists in nature except individual bodies which exhibit pure individual acts [powers] in accordance with law…It is this law and its clauses which we understand by the term Forms.
                        From: Francis Bacon (The New Organon [1620], p.103), quoted by Jan-Erik Jones - Real Essence §3
                        A reaction: This isn't far off what Aristotle had in mind, when he talks of forms as being 'principles', though there is more emphasis on mechanisms in the original idea. Note that Bacon takes laws so literally that he refers to their 'clauses'.
14. Science / B. Scientific Theories / 2. Aim of Science
Science must clear away the idols of the mind if they are ever going to find the truth
                        Full Idea: We must clear away the idols and false notions which are now in possession of the human understanding, and have taken deep root therein, and so beset men's minds that truth can hardly find an entrance.
                        From: Francis Bacon (The New Organon [1620], 38), quoted by Mark Wrathall - Heidegger: how to read 2
                        A reaction: [He goes on to list the types of idol]