Ideas from 'Nature Without Essence' by Joseph Almog [2010], by Theme Structure

[found in 'Journal of Philosophy' (ed/tr -) [- ,]].

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5. Theory of Logic / K. Features of Logics / 6. Compactness
If a concept is not compact, it will not be presentable to finite minds
6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 3. Nature of Numbers / d. Natural numbers
The number series is primitive, not the result of some set theoretic axioms
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 4. Essence as Definition
Definitionalists rely on snapshot-concepts, instead of on the real processes
Essential definition aims at existence conditions and structural truths
Surface accounts aren't exhaustive as they always allow unintended twin cases
Fregean meanings are analogous to conceptual essence, defining a kind
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 10. Essence as Species
Alien 'tigers' can't be tigers if they are not related to our tigers
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 13. Nominal Essence
Kripke and Putnam offer an intermediary between real and nominal essences
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 15. Against Essentialism
Individual essences are just cobbled together classificatory predicates
18. Thought / C. Content / 5. Twin Earth
Water must be related to water, just as tigers must be related to tigers
26. Natural Theory / D. Laws of Nature / 8. Scientific Essentialism / e. Anti scientific essentialism
Defining an essence comes no where near giving a thing's nature
Essences promise to reveal reality, but actually drive us away from it