Ideas from 'Db (chronology)' by PG [2030], by Theme Structure

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1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 2. Ancient Philosophy / a. Ancient chronology

11461

323 (roughly): Euclid wrote 'Elements', summarising all of geometry

			Full Idea: Euclid: In around 323 BCE Euclid wrote his 'Elements', summarising all of known geometry.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030])

11390

1000 (roughly): Upanishads written (in Sanskrit); religious and philosophical texts

			Full Idea: In around 1000 BCE the Upanishads were written, the most philosophical of ancient Hindu texts
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0001)

11391

750 (roughly): the Book of Genesis written by Hebrew writers

			Full Idea: In around 750 BCE the Book of Genesis was written by an anonymous jewish writer
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0250)

11392

586: eclipse of the sun on the coast of modern Turkey was predicted by Thales of Miletus

			Full Idea: In 585 BCE there was an eclipse of the sun, which Thales of Miletus is said to have predicted
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0415)

11395

570: Anaximander flourished in Miletus

			Full Idea: Anaximander: In around 570 BCE the philosopher and astronomer Anaximander flourished in Miletus
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0430)

11396

563: the Buddha born in northern India

			Full Idea: In around 563 BCE Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, was born in northern India
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0437)

11398

540: Lao Tzu wrote 'Tao Te Ching', the basis of Taoism

			Full Idea: In around 540 BCE Lao Tzu wrote the 'Tao Te Ching', the basis of Taoism
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0460)

11400

529: Pythagoras created his secretive community at Croton in Sicily

			Full Idea: In around 529 BCE Pythagoras set up a community in Croton, with strict and secret rules and teachings
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0471)

11403

500: Heraclitus flourishes at Ephesus, in modern Turkey

			Full Idea: In around 500 BCE Heraclitus flourished in the city of Ephesus in Ionia
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0500)

11404

496: Confucius travels widely, persuading rulers to be more moral

			Full Idea: In 496 BCE Confucius began a period of wandering, to persuade rulers to be more moral
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0504)

11408

472: Empedocles persuades his city (Acragas in Sicily) to become a democracy

			Full Idea: In 472 BCE Empedocles helped his city of Acragas change to democracy
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0528)

11412

450 (roughly): Parmenides and Zeno visit Athens from Italy

			Full Idea: In around 450 BCE Parmenides and Zeno visited the festival in Athens
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0550)

11414

445: Protagoras helps write laws for the new colony of Thurii

			Full Idea: In 443 BCE Protagoras helped write the laws for the new colony of Thurii
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0557)

11417

436 (roughly): Anaxagoras is tried for impiety, and expelled from Athens

			Full Idea: In about 436 BCE Anaxagoras was tried on a charge of impiety and expelled from Athens
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0564)

11535

170 (roughly): Marcus Aurelius wrote his private stoic meditations

			Full Idea: In around 170 CE the Emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote his 'Meditations' for private reading.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1170)

11537

-200 (roughly): Sextus Empiricus wrote a series of books on scepticism

			Full Idea: In around 200 CE Sextus Empiricus wrote a series of books (which survive) defending scepticism
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1200)

11541

263: Porphyry began to study with Plotinus in Rome

			Full Idea: In 263 CE Porphyry joined Plotinus' classes in Rome
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1263)

11545

310: Christianity became the official religion of the Roman empire

			Full Idea: In 310 CE Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1310)

11549

387: Ambrose converts Augustine to Christianity

			Full Idea: In 387 CE Augustine converted to Christianity in Milan, guided by St Ambrose
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1387)

11555

523: Boethius imprisoned at Pavia, and begins to write

			Full Idea: In 523 CE Boethius was imprisoned in exile at Pavia, and wrote 'Consolations of Philosophy'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1523)

11557

529: the emperor Justinian closes all the philosophy schools in Athens

			Full Idea: In 529 CE the Emperor Justinian closed all the philosophy schools in Athens
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1529)

11421

427: Gorgias visited Athens as ambassador for Leontini

			Full Idea: In 427 BCE Gorgias of Leontini visited Athens as an ambassador for his city
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0573)

11425

399: Socrates executed (with Plato absent through ill health)

			Full Idea: In 399 BCE Plato was unwell, and was not present at the death of Socrates
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0601)

11432

387 (roughly): Plato returned to Athens, and founded the Academy

			Full Idea: In about 387 BCE Plato returned to Athens and founded his new school at the Academy
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0613)

11433

387 (roughly): Aristippus the Elder founder a hedonist school at Cyrene

			Full Idea: In around 387 BCE a new school was founded at Cyrene by Aristippus the elder
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0613)

11440

367: the teenaged Aristotle came to study at the Academy

			Full Idea: In 367 BCE the seventeen-year-old Aristotle came south to study at the Academy
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0633)

11443

360 (roughly): Diogenes of Sinope lives in a barrel in central Athens

			Full Idea: In around 360 BCE Diogenes of Sinope was living in a barrel in the Agora in Athens
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0640)

11445

347: death of Plato

			Full Idea: In 347 BCE Plato died
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0653)

11454

343: Aristotle becomes tutor to 13 year old Alexander (the Great)

			Full Idea: In 343 BCE at Stagira Aristotle became personal tutor to the thirteen-year-old Alexander (the Great)
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0657)

11456

335: Arisotle founded his school at the Lyceum in Athens

			Full Idea: In 335 BCE Aristotle founded the Lyceum in Athens
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0665)

11459

330 (roughly): Chuang Tzu wrote his Taoist book

			Full Idea: In around 330 BCE Chuang Tzu wrote a key work in the Taoist tradition
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0670)

11465

322: Aristotle retired to Chalcis, and died there

			Full Idea: In 322 BCE Aristotle retired to Chalcis in Euboea, where he died
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0678)

11468

307 (roughly): Epicurus founded his school at the Garden in Athens

			Full Idea: In about 307 BCE Epicurus founded his school at the Garden in Athens
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0693)

11470

301 (roughly): Zeno of Citium founded Stoicism at the Stoa Poikile in Athens

			Full Idea: In about 301 BCE the Stoic school was founded by Zeno of Citium in the Stoa Poikile in Athens
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0699)

11483

261: Cleanthes replaced Zeno as head of the Stoa

			Full Idea: In 261 BCE Cleanthes took over from Zeno as head of the Stoa.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0739)

11486

229 (roughly): Chrysippus replaced Cleanthes has head of the Stoa

			Full Idea: In about 229 BCE Chrysippus took over from Cleanthes as the head of the Stoic school
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0771)

11492

157 (roughly): Carneades became head of the Academy

			Full Idea: In around 157 BCE Carneades took over as head of the Academy from Hegesinus
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0843)

11509

85: most philosophical activity moves to Alexandria

			Full Idea: In around 85 BCE Athens went into philosophical decline, and leadership moved to Alexandria
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0915)

11513

78: Cicero visited the stoic school on Rhodes

			Full Idea: In around 78 BCE Cicero visited the school of Posidonius in Rhodes.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0922)

11516

60 (roughly): Lucretius wrote his Latin poem on epicureanism

			Full Idea: In around 60 BCE Lucretius wrote his Latin poem on Epicureanism
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 0940)

11528

65: Seneca forced to commit suicide by Nero

			Full Idea: In 65 CE Seneca was forced to commit suicide by the Emperor Nero.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1065)

11531

80: the discourses of the stoic Epictetus are written down

			Full Idea: In around 80 CE the 'Discourses' of the freed slave Epictetus were written down in Rome.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1080)

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 3. Earlier European Philosophy / a. Earlier European chronology

11564

1090: Anselm publishes his proof of the existence of God

			Full Idea: Anselm: In about 1090 St Anselm of Canterbury publishes his Ontological Proof of God's existence
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2090)

11558

622 (roughly): Mohammed writes the Koran

			Full Idea: Mohammed: In about 622 CE Muhammed wrote the basic text of Islam, the Koran.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1622)

11559

642: Arabs close the philosophy schools in Alexandria

			Full Idea: In 642 CE Alexandria was captured by the Arabs, and the philosophy schools were closed
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1642)

11560

910 (roughly): Al-Farabi wrote Arabic commentaries on Aristotle

			Full Idea: Alfarabi: In around 910 CE Al-Farabi explained and expanded Aristotle for the Islamic world.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 1910)

11562

1015 (roughly): Ibn Sina (Avicenna) writes a book on Aristotle

			Full Idea: In around 1015 Avicenna produced his Platonised version of Aristotle in 'The Healing'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2015)

11566

1115: Abelard is the chief logic teacher in Paris

			Full Idea: In around 1115 Abelard became established as the chief logic teacher in Paris
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2115)

11573

1166: Ibn Rushd (Averroes) wrote extensive commentaries on Aristotle

			Full Idea: In around 1166 Averroes (Ibn Rushd), in Seville, wrote extensive commentaries on Aristotle
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2166)

11581

1266: Aquinas began writing 'Summa Theologica'

			Full Idea: In 1266 Aquinas began writing his great theological work, the 'Summa Theologica'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2266)

11586

1280: after his death, the teaching of Aquinas becomes official Dominican doctrine

			Full Idea: In around 1280 Aquinas's teaching became the official theology of the Dominican order
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2280)

11591

1328: William of Ockham decides the Pope is a heretic, and moves to Munich

			Full Idea: In 1328 William of Ockham decided the Pope was a heretic, and moved to Munich
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2328)

17916

1347: the Church persecutes philosophical heresies

			Full Idea: In 1347 the Church began extensive persecution of unorthodox philosophical thought
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2347)

11593

1470: Marsilio Ficino founds a Platonic Academy in Florence

			Full Idea: In around 1470 Marsilio Ficino founded a Platonic Academy in Florence
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2470)

11596

1513: Machiavelli wrote 'The Prince'

			Full Idea: In 1513 Machiavelli wrote 'The Prince', a tough view of political theory.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2513)

11599

1543: Copernicus publishes his heliocentric view of the solar system

			Full Idea: In 1543 Nicholas Copernicus, a Polish monk, publishes his new theory of the solar system.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2543)

11601

1580: Montaigne publishes his essays

			Full Idea: In 1580 Montaigne published a volume of his 'Essays'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2580)

11607

1600: Giordano Bruno was burned at the stake in Rome

			Full Idea: In 1600 Giordano Bruno was burnt at the stake in Rome, largely for endorsing Copernicus
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2600)

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 4. Later European Philosophy / a. Later European chronology

11613

1619: Descartes's famous day of meditation inside a stove

			Full Idea: In 1619 Descartes had a famous day of meditation in a heated stove at Ulm
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2619)

11614

1620: Bacon publishes 'Novum Organum'

			Full Idea: Francis Bacon: In 1620 Bacon published his 'Novum Organon', urging the rise of experimental science
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2620)

11619

1633: Galileo convicted of heresy by the Inquisition

			Full Idea: In 1633 Galileo was condemned to life emprisonment for contradicting church teachings.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2633)

11623

1641: Descartes publishes his 'Meditations'

			Full Idea: In 1641 Descartes published his well-known 'Meditations', complete with Objections and Replies
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2641)

11626

1650: death of Descartes, in Stockholm

			Full Idea: In 1650 Descartes died in Stockholm, after stressful work for Queen Christina
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2650)

11627

1651: Hobbes publishes 'Leviathan'

			Full Idea: In 1651 Hobbes published his great work on politics and contract morality, 'Leviathan'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2651)

11633

1662: the Port Royal Logic is published

			Full Idea: Antoine Arnauld: In 1662 Arnauld and Nicole published their famous text, the 'Port-Royal Logic'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2662)

11634

1665: Spinoza writes his 'Ethics'

			Full Idea: In 1665 the first draft of Spinoza's 'Ethics', his major work, was finished, and published posthumously
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2665)

11643

1676: Leibniz settled as librarian to the Duke of Brunswick

			Full Idea: In 1676 Leibniz became librarian to the Duke of Brunswick, staying for the rest of his life
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2676)

11649

1687: Newton publishes his 'Principia Mathematica'

			Full Idea: In 1687 Newton published his 'Principia', containing his theory of gravity.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2687)

11652

1690: Locke publishes his 'Essay'

			Full Idea: In 1690 Locke published his 'Essay', his major work on empiricism
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2690)

11654

1697: Bayle publishes his 'Dictionary'

			Full Idea: Pierre Bayle: In about 1697 Pierre Bayle published his 'Historical and Critical Dictionary'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2697)

11659

1713: Berkeley publishes his 'Three Dialogues'

			Full Idea: In 1713 Berkeley published a popular account of his empiricist idealism in 'Three Dialogues'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2713)

11666

1734: Voltaire publishes his 'Philosophical Letters'

			Full Idea: Francois-Marie Voltaire: In 1734 Voltaire's 'Lettres Philosophiques' praised liberalism and empiricism
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2734)

11667

1739: Hume publishes his 'Treatise'

			Full Idea: In 1739 Hume returned to Edinburgh and published his 'Treatise', but it sold very few copies
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2739)

11675

1762: Rousseau publishes his 'Social Contract'

			Full Idea: In 1762 Rousseau published his 'Social Contract', basing politics on the popular will
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2762)

11682

1781: Kant publishes his 'Critique of Pure Reason'

			Full Idea: In 1781 Kant published his first great work, the 'Critique of Pure Reason'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2781)

11683

1785: Reid publishes his essays defending common sense

			Full Idea: In 1785 Thomas Reid, based in Glasgow, published essays defending common sense.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2785)

11687

1798: the French Revolution

			Full Idea: In 1789 the French Revolution gave strong impetus to the anti-rational 'Romantic' movement
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2789)

11694

1807: Hegel publishes his 'Phenomenology of Spirit'

			Full Idea: In 1807 Hegel published his first major work, the 'Phenomenology of Spirit'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2807)

11701

1818: Schopenhauer publishes his 'World as Will and Idea'

			Full Idea: In 1818 Schopenhauer published 'The World as Will and Idea', his major work
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2818)

11710

1840: Kierkegaard is writing extensively in Copenhagen

			Full Idea: In around 1840 Kierkegaard lived a quiet life as a writer in Copenhagen
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2840)

11713

1843: Mill publishes his 'System of Logic'

			Full Idea: In 1843 Mill published his 'System of Logic'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2843)

11715

1848: Marx and Engels publis the Communist Manifesto

			Full Idea: Karl Marx: In 1848 Marx and Engels published their 'Communist Manifesto'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2848)

11717

1859: Darwin publishes his 'Origin of the Species'

			Full Idea: Charles Darwin: In 1859 Charles Darwin published his theory of natural selection in 'Origin of the Species'.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2859)

11721

1861: Mill publishes 'Utilitarianism'

			Full Idea: In 1861 Mill published his book 'Utilitarianism'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2861)

11724

1867: Marx begins publishing 'Das Kapital'

			Full Idea: Karl Marx: In 1867 Karl Marx began publishing his political work 'Das Kapital'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2867)

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 5. Modern Philosophy / a. Modern philosophy chronology

11733

1879: Peirce taught for five years at Johns Hopkins University

			Full Idea: In 1879 Peirce began five years of teaching at Johns Hopkins University
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2879)

17907

1879: Frege invents predicate logic

			Full Idea: In 1879 Frege published his 'Concept Script', which created predicate logic
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2879)

17909

1892: Frege's essay 'Sense and Reference'

			Full Idea: In 1892 Frege published his famous essay 'Sense and Reference' (Sinn und Bedeutung)
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2882)

17908

1884: Frege publishes his 'Foundations of Arithmetic'

			Full Idea: In 1884 Frege published his 'Foundations of Arithmetic', the beginning of logicism
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2884)

11735

1885: Nietzsche completed 'Thus Spake Zarathustra'

			Full Idea: In about 1885 Nietzsche completed his book 'Also Sprach Zarathustra'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2885)

17911

1888: Dedekind publishes axioms for arithmetic

			Full Idea: In 1888 Dedekind created simple axioms for arithmetic (the Peano Axioms)
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2888)

11740

1890: James published 'Principles of Psychology'

			Full Idea: In 1890 James published his 'Principles of Psychology'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2890)

11742

1895 (roughly): Freud developed theories of the unconscious

			Full Idea: In around 1895 Sigmund Freud developed his theories of the unconscious mind
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2895)

11745

1900: Husserl began developing Phenomenology

			Full Idea: In 1900 Edmund Husserl began presenting his new philosophy of Phenomenology
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2900)

17917

1953: Wittgenstein's 'Philosophical Investigations'

			Full Idea: In 1953 Wittgenstein's posthumous work 'Philosophical Investigations' is published
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2953)

17919

1956: Place proposed mind-brain identity

			Full Idea: In 1956 U.T. Place proposed that the mind is identical to the brain
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2956)

11804

1962: Kuhn's 'Structure of Scientific Revolutions'

			Full Idea: In 1962 Thomas Kuhn's 'Structure of Scientific Revolutions' questioned the authority of science
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2962)

17921

1967: Putnam proposed functionalism of the mind

			Full Idea: In 1967 Putname proposed the functionalist view of the mind
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2967)

11808

1971: Rawls's 'A Theory of Justice'

			Full Idea: In 1971 John Rawls published his famous defence of liberalism in 'A Theory of Justice'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2971)

11810

1972: Kripke publishes 'Naming and Necessity'

			Full Idea: In 1972 Saul Kripke's 'Naming and Necessity' revised theories about language and reality
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2972)

11813

1975: Singer publishes 'Animal Rights'

			Full Idea: Peter Singer: In 1975 Peter Singer's 'Animal Rights' turned the attention of philosophers to applied ethics.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2975)

17920

1975: Putnam published his Twin Earth example

			Full Idea: In 1975 Putnam published 'The Meaning of 'Meaning'', containing his Twin Earth example
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2975)

11820

1986: David Lewis publishes 'On the Plurality of Worlds'

			Full Idea: In 1986 David Lewis published 'On the Plurality of Worlds', about possible worlds.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2986)

11746

1903: Moore published 'Principia Ethica'

			Full Idea: In 1903 G.E. Moore published his 'Principia Ethica', attacking naturalistic ethics.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2903)

11747

1904: Dewey became professor at Columbia University

			Full Idea: In 1904 Dewey moved to Columbia University in New York.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2904)

17910

1908: Zermelo publishes axioms for set theory

			Full Idea: In 1908 Zermelo published an axiomatisation of the new set theory
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2908)

11752

1910: Russell and Whitehead begin publishing 'Principia Mathematica'

			Full Idea: In 1910 Russell began publication of 'Principia Mathematica', with Whitehead
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2910)

11756

1912: Russell meets Wittgenstein in Cambridge

			Full Idea: In 1912 Russell met Wittgenstein at Cambridge
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2912)

11762

1921: Wittgenstein's 'Tractatus' published

			Full Idea: In 1921 Wittgenstein's 'Tractatus' was published
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2921)

11765

1927: Heidegger's 'Being and Time' published

			Full Idea: In 1927 Heidegger's major work, 'Being and Time', was published
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2927)

11768

1930: Frank Ramsey dies at 27

			Full Idea: In 1930 Frank Ramsey died at the age of 27.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2930)

11770

1931: Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems

			Full Idea: Kurt Gödel: In 1931 the mathematician Kurt Gödel publishes his Incompleteness Theorems.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2931)

11773

1933: Tarski's theory of truth

			Full Idea: Alfred Tarski: In 1933 Alfred Tarski wrote a famous paper presenting a semantic theory of truth.
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2933)

11783

1942: Camus published 'The Myth of Sisyphus'

			Full Idea: In 1942 Camus published 'The Myth of Sisyphus', exploring suicide and the absurd
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2942)

11784

1943: Sartre's 'Being and Nothingness'

			Full Idea: In 1943 Jean-Paul Sartre published his major work, 'Being and Nothingness'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2943)

11787

1945: Merleau-Ponty's 'Phenomenology of Perception'

			Full Idea: Maurice Merleau-Ponty: In 1945 Maurice Merleau-Pont published 'The Phenomenology of Perception'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2945)

17918

1947: Carnap published 'Meaning and Necessity'

			Full Idea: In 1947 Carnap published 'Meaning and Necessity'
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2947)

11794

1950: Quine's essay 'Two Dogmas of Empiricism'

			Full Idea: In 1950 Willard Quine published 'Two Dogmas of Empiricism', attacking analytic truth
			From: PG (Db (chronology) [2030], 2950)