Ideas from 'The Nature of Existence vol.1' by J.M.E. McTaggart [1921], by Theme Structure

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9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / d. Substance defined
Substance has to exist, with no intrinsic qualities or relations
                        Full Idea: Something must exist, then, and have qualities, without being itself either a quality or a relation. And this is Substance.
                        From: J.M.E. McTaggart (The Nature of Existence vol.1 [1921], §67), quoted by R.D. Ingthorsson - A Powerful Particulars View of Causation 7.2
                        A reaction: Ingthorsson quotes this as 'the most extreme analytic view', which is a long way from the Aristotelian view. This is the implausible bare substrate.