Ideas from 'Letter to G.H. Schaller' by Baruch de Spinoza [1674], by Theme Structure

[found in 'Ethics, Improvement of Understanding, Letters' by Spinoza,Benedict de (ed/tr Elwes,R) [Dover 1955,0-486-20250-x]].

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16. Persons / F. Free Will / 5. Against Free Will
A thing is free if it acts only by the necessity of its own nature
                        Full Idea: I say that a thing is free, which exists and acts solely by the necessity of its own nature.
                        From: Baruch de Spinoza (Letter to G.H. Schaller [1674], 1674.10)
                        A reaction: Of course, this isn't 'freedom' at all, but it seems to exactly right as an account of so-called freedom. In the case of a human being the 'necessity of our own nature' is character, and virtue and vice are the expressions of the necessities of character.