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Ideas for 'Sententia on 'De Caelo'', 'The Internalist Conception of Justification' and 'German Philosophy 1760-1860'

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5 ideas

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 4. Later European Philosophy / c. Eighteenth century philosophy

22002	Wolff's version of Leibniz dominated mid-18th C German thought [Pinkard]
	Full Idea: The dominant philosophy of mid-eighteenth century Germany was Wolffianism, a codified and almost legalistically organised form of Leibnizian thought.
	From: Terry Pinkard (German Philosophy 1760-1860 [2002], Intro)
	A reaction: Kant grew up in this intellectual climate.

22021	Romantics explored beautiful subjectivity, and the re-enchantment of nature [Pinkard]
	Full Idea: Early Romanticism can be seen as the exploration of subjective interiority and as the re-enchantment of nature (as organic). Hegel said they had the idea of a 'beautiful soul', which (he said) either paralysed action, or made them smug.
	From: Terry Pinkard (German Philosophy 1760-1860 [2002], 06)
	A reaction: [compressed, inc Note 1] A major dilemma of life is the extent of our social engagement, because it makes life worthwhile, but pollutes the mind with continual conflicts.

22010	The combination of Kant and the French Revolution was an excited focus for German philosophy [Pinkard]
	Full Idea: After the French Revolution, philosophy suddenly became the key rallying point for an entire generation of German intellectuals, who had been reading Kant as the harbinger of a new order.
	From: Terry Pinkard (German Philosophy 1760-1860 [2002], Pt II Intro)
	A reaction: Kant was a harbinger because he offered an autonomous status to each individual, rather than being subservient to a social order.

1. Philosophy / C. History of Philosophy / 4. Later European Philosophy / d. Nineteenth century philosophy

22036	In Hegel's time naturalism was called 'Spinozism' [Pinkard]
	Full Idea: In Hegel's time the shorthand for the Naturalistic worldview was 'Spinozism'.
	From: Terry Pinkard (German Philosophy 1760-1860 [2002], 10)
	A reaction: Spinozism hit Germany like a bomb in 1786, when it was reported that the poet Hölderlin was a fan of Spinoza.

1. Philosophy / D. Nature of Philosophy / 5. Aims of Philosophy / a. Philosophy as worldly

22101	Philosophy aims to know the truth about the way things are [Aquinas]
	Full Idea: The study of philosophy has as its purpose to know not what people have thought, but rather the truth about the way things are.
	From: Thomas Aquinas (Sententia on 'De Caelo' [1268], I.22.228), quoted by Kretzmann/Stump - Aquinas, Thomas 05
	A reaction: I agree with this deeply unfashionable opinion. Of course, modern investigations must be more sensitive to biases built into language, culture and conceptual schemes. But I am one of those sad old folks who still think truths can be stated.