Combining Texts

Ideas for 'Being and Nothingness', 'Epistemology: contemporary introduction' and 'Theory of Science (Wissenschaftslehre, 4 vols)'

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6 ideas

11. Knowledge Aims / A. Knowledge / 4. Belief / d. Cause of beliefs
Beliefs are based on perception, memory, introspection or reason [Audi,R]
     Full Idea: The four basic kinds of belief are rooted in perception, memory, introspective consciousness, and reason.
     From: Robert Audi (Epistemology: contemporary introduction [1998], Intr.p.7)
11. Knowledge Aims / A. Knowledge / 4. Belief / e. Belief holism
Could you have a single belief on its own? [Audi,R]
     Full Idea: Could one have just a single belief?
     From: Robert Audi (Epistemology: contemporary introduction [1998], VII p.198)
11. Knowledge Aims / B. Certain Knowledge / 1. Certainty
We can make certain of what we know, so knowing does not entail certainty [Audi,R]
     Full Idea: The possibility of making certain of what we already know suggests that knowing a proposition does not entail its being certain.
     From: Robert Audi (Epistemology: contemporary introduction [1998], VIII p.220)
11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 2. Phenomenalism
Sense-data theory is indirect realism, but phenomenalism is direct irrealism [Audi,R]
     Full Idea: Where the sense-datum theory is an indirect realism, phenomenalism is a direct irrealism.
     From: Robert Audi (Epistemology: contemporary introduction [1998], I p.43)
If you gradually remove a book's sensory properties, what is left at the end? [Audi,R]
     Full Idea: If you imagine subtracting a book's sensory properties one by one, what is left of it?
     From: Robert Audi (Epistemology: contemporary introduction [1998], I p.42)
Appearances do not hide the essence; appearances are the essence [Sartre]
     Full Idea: We reject the dualism of appearance and essence. The appearance does not hide the essence, it reveals it; it is the essence.
     From: Jean-Paul Sartre (Being and Nothingness [1943], p.4-5), quoted by Kevin Aho - Existentialism: an introduction 2 'Phenomenology'
     A reaction: This idea, expressed in the language of Hegel and Husserl, strikes me as the same as the analytic phenomenalism of Mill and Ayer. Hence I take it to be wrong.