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Ideas for '67: Platonic Questions', 'Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed)' and 'The Anti-Christ'

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8 ideas

12. Knowledge Sources / A. A Priori Knowledge / 3. Innate Knowledge / a. Innate knowledge
Innate ideas are trivial (if they are just potentials) or absurd (if they claim infants know a lot) [Locke, by Jolley]
     Full Idea: Locke says the doctrine of innate ideas is either reduced to triviality (that we have the potential to acquire knowledge and concepts, which makes all ideas innate), or to the absurd thesis that new-born children know logic, maths and metaphysics.
     From: report of John Locke (Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed) [1694], 1) by Nicholas Jolley - Leibniz Ch.4
     A reaction: A very effective attack. The defence would have to be the claim that there is no way for certain ideas to have entered the mind (because they are too basic, or too abstract, or too huge), so they could only arise from within the mind.
If the only test of innateness is knowing, then all of our knowledge is innate [Locke]
     Full Idea: If the capacity of knowing be the natural Impression contended for, all the Truths a man ever comes to know, will, by this Account, be, every one of them, innate.
     From: John Locke (Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed) [1694], 1.02.05)
     A reaction: It seems to be a nice empiricist's question, what experience involved in thinking an idea gives a hallmark that it is innate rather than acquired? Perhaps only 'I couldn't have thought of that myself', as Descartes says of several ideas.
A proposition can't be in the mind if we aren't conscious of it [Locke]
     Full Idea: No proposition can be said to be in the mind, which it never yet knew, which it was never yet conscious of.
     From: John Locke (Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed) [1694], 1.02.05)
     A reaction: This raises an interesting question. If we believe in the influence of the unconscious, we will have to talk of unconscious beliefs which affect our behaviour. We certainly all have beliefs of which we are not conscious. "Elvis had two feet".
Innate ideas were followed up with innate doctrines, which stopped reasoning and made social control possible [Locke]
     Full Idea: Once innate ideas were established, it was necessary for their followers to receive some doctrines as such, to put them off using their own reason, so that they might be more easily governed.
     From: John Locke (Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed) [1694], 1.03.25?), quoted by Charles Taylor - Sources of the Self §9.1
     A reaction: Presumably anti-Catholic, though it sounds Marxist. It is hard to challenge innate ideas, but it is hard to challenge Hume's 'natural beliefs'.
12. Knowledge Sources / A. A Priori Knowledge / 3. Innate Knowledge / c. Tabula rasa
The senses first let in particular ideas, which furnish the empty cabinet [Locke]
     Full Idea: The senses at first let in particular ideas, and furnish the yet empty cabinet.
     From: John Locke (Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed) [1694], 1.02.15)
     A reaction: A nice image of Locke's famous claim that the mind is a 'tabula rasa' (blank page). The obvious objection is that a totally empty cabinet would not organise or make sense of or respond to the sense experiences that entered it. Kant spelled this out.
The mind is white paper, with no writing, or ideas [Locke]
     Full Idea: Let us suppose the mind to be, as we say, white paper, void of all characters, without any ideas.
     From: John Locke (Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed) [1694], 2.01.02)
     A reaction: This is normally referred to as Locke's 'tabula rasa' idea, and is his denial of the existence of innate ideas. It is generally thought to be absurd, but note that he only 'supposes' it, presumably as a theoretical strategy, to investigate empiricism.
The mind is a blank page, on which only experience can write [Locke]
     Full Idea: Let us then suppose the Mind to be, as we say, white Paper, void of all characters, without any Ideas; How comes it to be furnished? ..To this I answer, in one word, from Experience.
     From: John Locke (Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed) [1694], 2.01.02)
     A reaction: The simple objection is that minds could make nothing of their experience if they were totally blank. But if we add principles of association, we might still say that there are no actual ideas imprinted in the original mind, only functions or faculties.
12. Knowledge Sources / A. A Priori Knowledge / 10. A Priori as Subjective
The mind cannot produce simple ideas [Locke]
     Full Idea: The mind has no power to produce any simple idea.
     From: John Locke (Essay Conc Human Understanding (2nd Ed) [1694], 2.31.02)
     A reaction: These must all come from experience, implying to common empirical view (spelled out better by Hume) that that a priori concerns only combinations of ideas which we already possess. The 'conceptual' notion of a priori is consistent with this.