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Ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'On the Plurality of Worlds' and 'Zettel'

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2 ideas

13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 2. Causal Justification
Causes of beliefs are irrelevant to their contents [Wittgenstein]
     Full Idea: The causes of our belief in a proposition are indeed irrelevant to the question of what we believe.
     From: Ludwig Wittgenstein (Zettel [1950], i.437)
     A reaction: This should have nipped the causal theory of knowledge in the bud before it got started. Everyone has a different cause for their belief that 'it sometimes rains'. Cause is not justification.
General causal theories of knowledge are refuted by mathematics [Lewis]
     Full Idea: Causal accounts of knowledge are all very well in their place, but if they are put forward as general theories, then mathematics refutes them.
     From: David Lewis (On the Plurality of Worlds [1986], 2.4)
     A reaction: You might have some sort of notion of an abstraction from causation which mimicked it in the mathematics case. Lots of things seem to be 'forced' in mathematics. Call it 'ersatz causation'. Necessities are enforcers.