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Ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'Intro to 'Creating the Kingdom of Ends'' and 'Contemporary Philosophy of Mind'

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2 ideas

13. Knowledge Criteria / C. External Justification / 9. Naturalised Epistemology

3166	Animal learning is separate from their behaviour [Rey]
	Full Idea: Rats and monkeys exhibit 'latent learning' (learning just for fun) which is later beneficial. They learn with no consequences, and then can't learn when the good consequences are available.
	From: Georges Rey (Contemporary Philosophy of Mind [1997], 4.1.1)
	A reaction: This looks like a bit of a setback for naturalised epistemology and cognitive science, if learning can't be brought within a stimulus-response framework.

13. Knowledge Criteria / E. Relativism / 2. Knowledge as Convention

1556	By nature people are close to one another, but culture drives them apart [Hippias]
	Full Idea: I regard you all as relatives - by nature, not by convention. By nature like is akin to like, but convention is a tyrant over humankind and often constrains people to act contrary to nature.
	From: Hippias (fragments/reports [c.430 BCE]), quoted by Plato - Protagoras 337c8