Combining Texts

Ideas for 'The Fixation of Belief', 'Phaedrus' and 'Human Knowledge: its scope and limits'

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4 ideas

19. Language / F. Communication / 1. Rhetoric
An excellent speech seems to imply a knowledge of the truth in the mind of the speaker [Plato]
     Full Idea: If a speech is to be classed as excellent, does that not presuppose knowledge of the truth about the subject of the speech in the mind of the speaker.
     From: Plato (Phaedrus [c.366 BCE], 259e)
     A reaction: I like the thought that Plato's main interest was rhetoric, but with the view that the only good rhetoric is truth-speaking. It would be hard to admire a speech if you disagreed with it.
Only a good philosopher can be a good speaker [Plato]
     Full Idea: Unless a man becomes an adequate philosopher he will never be an adequate speaker on any subject.
     From: Plato (Phaedrus [c.366 BCE], 261a)
     A reaction: Depends. Hitler showed little sign of clear philosophical thinking, but the addition of lights and uniforms seemed to sweep reasonably intelligent people along with him.
'Phaedrus' pioneers the notion of philosophical rhetoric [Lawson-Tancred on Plato]
     Full Idea: The purpose of the 'Phaedrus' is to pioneer the notion of philosophical rhetoric.
     From: comment on Plato (Phaedrus [c.366 BCE], Ch.10) by Hugh Lawson-Tancred - Plato's Republic and Greek Enlightenment
     A reaction: This is a wonderfully challenging view of what Plato was up to. One might connect it with Rorty's claim that philosophy should move away from epistemology and analysis, towards hermeneutics, which sounds to me like rhetoric. 'Phaedrus' is beautiful.
19. Language / F. Communication / 3. Denial
If we define 'this is not blue' as disbelief in 'this is blue', we eliminate 'not' as an ingredient of facts [Russell]
     Full Idea: We can reintroduce 'not' by a definition: the words 'this is not blue' are defined as expressing disbelief in what is expressed by the words 'this is blue'. In this way the need of 'not' as an indefinable constituent of facts is avoided.
     From: Bertrand Russell (Human Knowledge: its scope and limits [1948], 9)
     A reaction: This is part of Russell's programme of giving a psychological account of logical connectives. See other ideas from his 1940 and 1948 works. He observes that disbelief is a state just as positive as belief. I love it.