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Ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'The Logic of What Might Have Been' and 'Knowledge First (and reply)'

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4 ideas

19. Language / C. Assigning Meanings / 2. Semantics
How does inferentialism distinguish the patterns of inference that are essential to meaning? [Williamson]
     Full Idea: Inferentialism faces the grave problem of separating patterns of inference that are to count as essential to the meaning of an expression from those that will count as accidental (a form of the analytic/synthetic distinction).
     From: Timothy Williamson (Knowledge First (and reply) [2014], p.6)
     A reaction: This sounds like a rather persuasive objection to inferentialism, though I don't personally take that as a huge objection to all internalist semantics.
Internalist inferentialism has trouble explaining how meaning and reference relate [Williamson]
     Full Idea: The internalist version of inferentialist semantics has particular difficulty in establishing an adequate relation between meaning and reference.
     From: Timothy Williamson (Knowledge First (and reply) [2014], p.6)
     A reaction: I would have thought that this was a big problem for referentialist semantics too, though evidently Williamson doesn't think so. If he is saying that the meaning is in the external world, dream on.
Inferentialist semantics relies on internal inference relations, not on external references [Williamson]
     Full Idea: On internalist inferential (or conceptual role) semantics, the inferential relations of an expression do not depend on what, if anything, it refers to, ...rather, the meaning is something like its place in a web of inferential relations.
     From: Timothy Williamson (Knowledge First (and reply) [2014], p.6)
     A reaction: Williamson says the competition is between externalist truth-conditional referential semantics (which he favours), and this internalist inferential semantics. He is, like, an expert, of course, but I doubt whether that is the only internalist option.
19. Language / C. Assigning Meanings / 7. Extensional Semantics
Truth-conditional referential semantics is externalist, referring to worldly items [Williamson]
     Full Idea: Truth-conditional referential semantics is an externalist programme. In a context of utterance the atomic expressions of a language refer to worldly items, from which the truth-conditions of sentences are compositionally determined.
     From: Timothy Williamson (Knowledge First (and reply) [2014], p.6)
     A reaction: I just don't see how a physical object can be part of the contents of a sentence. 'Dragons fly' is atomic, and meaningful, but its reference fails. 'The cat is asleep' is just words - it doesn't contain a live animal.