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'talk', 'Writings from Late Notebooks' and 'Discourse on Metaphysics'
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16 ideas
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / a. Preconditions for ethics
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5026
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Animals lack morality because they lack self-reflection [Leibniz]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / b. Defining ethics
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7136
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Morality is a system of values which accompanies a being's life [Nietzsche]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / f. Ethical non-cognitivism
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7163
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Morality is merely interpretations, which are extra-moral in origin [Nietzsche]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / d. Biological ethics
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7147
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Values are innate and inherited [Nietzsche]
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7190
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Our values express an earlier era's conditions for survival and growth [Nietzsche]
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22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 2. Source of Ethics / j. Ethics by convention
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5070
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Socrates conservatively assumed that Athenian conventions were natural and true [Taylor,R on Socrates]
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 1. Nature of Value / e. Means and ends
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7201
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Knowledge, wisdom and goodness only have value relative to a goal [Nietzsche]
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / b. Successful function
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5838
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A well-made dung basket is fine, and a badly-made gold shield is base, because of function [Socrates, by Xenophon]
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / f. Altruism
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7205
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Altruism is praised by the egoism of the weak, who want everyone to be looked after [Nietzsche]
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / h. Fine deeds
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5837
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Things are both good and fine by the same standard [Socrates, by Xenophon]
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22. Metaethics / B. Value / 2. Values / i. Self-interest
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7141
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A living being is totally 'egoistic' [Nietzsche]
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22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 1. Goodness / e. Good as knowledge
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3017
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The only good is knowledge, and the only evil is ignorance [Socrates, by Diog. Laertius]
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22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 2. Happiness / a. Nature of happiness
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7168
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Modest people express happiness as 'Not bad' [Nietzsche]
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22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 2. Happiness / b. Eudaimonia
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1646
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Socrates was the first to put 'eudaimonia' at the centre of ethics [Socrates, by Vlastos]
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22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 2. Happiness / d. Routes to happiness
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7159
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The only happiness is happiness with illusion [Nietzsche]
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22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 3. Pleasure / a. Nature of pleasure
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7197
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Pleasure needs dissatisfaction, boundaries and resistances [Nietzsche]
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