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Ideas for 'Parmenides', 'Ideas' and 'Unpublished Notebooks 1884-85'

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4 ideas

23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 1. Virtue Theory / d. Virtue theory critique
After Socrates virtue is misunderstood, as good for all, not for individuals [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: From Socrates onwards arete [virtue] is misunderstood - first it had to reestablish itself over and over, and yet it did not want to do this on an individual basis! But rather tyrannically 'good for all!'.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Unpublished Notebooks 1884-85 [1884], 25[208])
     A reaction: Why not both? The virtues of a good citizen can't be private, but we are all allowed to develop virtues that concern us alone.
23. Ethics / C. Virtue Theory / 2. Elements of Virtue Theory / e. Character
We contain multitudes of characters, which can brought into the open [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: There is a multitude of characters hidden within each one of us: and attempts should be made to allow some of them to appear.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Unpublished Notebooks 1884-85 [1884], 25[021])
     A reaction: So character is not fate, contrary to Heraclitus (his hero). We are more inclined now to see varied characters as social roles (as in Irving Goffman). This idea challenges it, with our intrinsic nature containing variety.
23. Ethics / F. Existentialism / 8. Eternal Recurrence
Who can endure the thought of eternal recurrence? [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: I conduct the great test: who will endure the thought of eternal recurrence?
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Unpublished Notebooks 1884-85 [1884], 25[290])
     A reaction: He sometimes talks as if eternal recurrence were a cosmic fact, but we should definitely ignore that. This idea captures his idea best, I think - that we should try to live with the prospect of recurrence always in mind. A type of existentialism.
If you want one experience repeated, you must want all of them [Nietzsche]
     Full Idea: Whoever wants to have a single experience again must want all of them again.
     From: Friedrich Nietzsche (Unpublished Notebooks 1884-85 [1884], 29[054])
     A reaction: Nehemas says this is the main factual commitment of eternal recurrence (and certainly not that global recurrence actually occurs). It might be expressed in terms of possible worlds. We yearn for recurrence, then dread it?