Combining Texts

Ideas for 'Introduction to 'Virtues of Authenticity'', 'Every Thing Must Go' and 'Necessity and Non-Existence'

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8 ideas

27. Natural Reality / B. Modern Physics / 4. Standard Model / a. Concept of matter
In physics, matter is an emergent phenomenon, not part of fundamental ontology [Ladyman/Ross]
     Full Idea: Physics has taught us that matter in the sense of extended stuff is an emergent phenomenon that has no counterpart in fundamental ontology.
     From: J Ladyman / D Ross (Every Thing Must Go [2007], 1.2.3)
     A reaction: They contrast this point with futile debates among philosopher between atomists (partless particles) and gunkists (parts all the way down).
That the universe must be 'made of' something is just obsolete physics [Ladyman/Ross]
     Full Idea: It is a metaphysical residue of obsolete physics to suppose that the universe is 'made of' anything.
     From: J Ladyman / D Ross (Every Thing Must Go [2007], 3.7.2)
     A reaction: They quote Smolin as saying that it is 'processes' which are fundamental. And yet surely there must be something there to undergo a process? Surely we don't have eternal platonic processes?
27. Natural Reality / C. Space / 6. Space-Time
Spacetime may well be emergent, rather than basic [Ladyman/Ross]
     Full Idea: Contemporary physics takes very seriously the idea that spacetime itself is emergent from some more fundamental structure.
     From: J Ladyman / D Ross (Every Thing Must Go [2007], 1.2.3)
If spacetime is substantial, what is the substance? [Ladyman/Ross]
     Full Idea: It is fair to ask: if spacetime is a substance, what is the substance in question?
     From: J Ladyman / D Ross (Every Thing Must Go [2007], 3.2)
     A reaction: Personally I love the question 'If it exists, what is it made of?', though physicists seem to think that this reveals a gormless misunderstanding. To my question Keith Hossack retorted 'What are the atoms made of?'
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 1. Nature of Time / h. Presentism
A fixed foliation theory of quantum gravity could make presentism possible [Ladyman/Ross]
     Full Idea: It has been pointed out that presentism is an open question in so far as a fixed foliation theory of quantum gravity has not been ruled out.
     From: J Ladyman / D Ross (Every Thing Must Go [2007], 3.7.2 n75)
     A reaction: [They cite B.Monton for this point] I don't understand this idea, but I'll have it anyway. Google 'fixed foliation' for me, as I'm too busy.
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 2. Passage of Time / c. Tenses and time
A-theorists tend to reject the tensed/tenseless distinction [Fine,K]
     Full Idea: Most A-theorists have been inclined to reject the tensed/tenseless distinction.
     From: Kit Fine (Necessity and Non-Existence [2005], 01)
     A reaction: Presumably this is because they reject the notion of 'tenseless' truths. But sentences like 'two and two make four' seem not to be very tensy.
It is said that in the A-theory, all existents and objects must be tensed, as well as the sentences [Fine,K]
     Full Idea: It is said that there is no room in the A-theorists' ontology for a realm of timeless existents. Just as there is a tendency to think that every sentence is tensed, so there is a tendency to think that every object must enjoy a tensed form of existence.
     From: Kit Fine (Necessity and Non-Existence [2005], 10)
     A reaction: Fine is arguing for certain things to exist or be true independently of time (such as arithmetic, or essential identities). I struggle with the notion of timeless existence.
27. Natural Reality / D. Time / 2. Passage of Time / f. Tenseless (B) series
B-theorists say tensed sentences have an unfilled argument-place for a time [Fine,K]
     Full Idea: B-theorists regard tensed sentences as incomplete expressions, implicitly containing an unfilled argument-place for the time at which they are to be evaluated.
     From: Kit Fine (Necessity and Non-Existence [2005], 01)
     A reaction: To distinguish past from future it looks as if you would need two argument-places, not one. Then there are 'used to be' and 'had been' to evaluate.