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Ideas for 'Parmenides', 'New Essays on Human Understanding' and 'The Essence of Aesthetic'

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6 ideas

5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 3. Value of Logic
Logic teaches us how to order and connect our thoughts [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: Logic teaches us how to order and connect our thoughts.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (New Essays on Human Understanding [1704], 3.10)
     A reaction: Leibniz had a higher opinion of logic than contemporaries like Locke. The question is whether logic can actually teach us better order than we could otherwise manage, or whether it just describes what most thinkers do.
5. Theory of Logic / C. Ontology of Logic / 3. If-Thenism
At bottom eternal truths are all conditional [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: At bottom eternal truths are all conditional, saying 'granted such a thing, such another thing is'.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (New Essays on Human Understanding [1704], 4.11.14), quoted by Alan Musgrave - Logicism Revisited §4
     A reaction: Thus showing Leibniz to have sympathy with the if-thenist view. He cites geometry as his illustration.
5. Theory of Logic / F. Referring in Logic / 1. Naming / a. Names
People who can't apply names usually don't understand the thing to which it applies [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: Someone who goes wrong in relating an idea to a name will usually go wrong about the thing he wants the name to stand for.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (New Essays on Human Understanding [1704], 2.29)
     A reaction: This seems to give tentative support to a Millian account of names, whose only content is just the thing which is named. Leibniz's observation certainly seems to be right.
5. Theory of Logic / K. Features of Logics / 1. Axiomatisation
It is always good to reduce the number of axioms [Leibniz]
     Full Idea: To reduce the number of axioms is always something gained.
     From: Gottfried Leibniz (New Essays on Human Understanding [1704], 4.06)
     A reaction: This is rather revealing about the nature of axioms. They don't have any huge metaphysical status - in fact one might say that their status is epistemological, or even pedagogic. They enable us to get out minds round things.
5. Theory of Logic / L. Paradox / 3. Antinomies
Plato found antinomies in ideas, Kant in space and time, and Bradley in relations [Plato, by Ryle]
     Full Idea: Plato (in 'Parmenides') shows that the theory that 'Eide' are substances, and Kant that space and time are substances, and Bradley that relations are substances, all lead to aninomies.
     From: report of Plato (Parmenides [c.364 BCE]) by Gilbert Ryle - Are there propositions? 'Objections'
Plato's 'Parmenides' is perhaps the best collection of antinomies ever made [Russell on Plato]
     Full Idea: Plato's 'Parmenides' is perhaps the best collection of antinomies ever made.
     From: comment on Plato (Parmenides [c.364 BCE]) by Bertrand Russell - The Principles of Mathematics §337