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Ideas for 'Mathematical Methods in Philosophy', 'Outlines of Pyrrhonism' and 'Precepts for Advancing Science and Arts'

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5 ideas

5. Theory of Logic / A. Overview of Logic / 9. Philosophical Logic

18739

Three stages of philosophical logic: syntactic (1905-55), possible worlds (1963-85), widening (1990-) [Horsten/Pettigrew]

5. Theory of Logic / B. Logical Consequence / 8. Material Implication

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A valid hypothetical syllogism is 'that which does not begin with a truth and end with a falsehood' [Sext.Empiricus]

5. Theory of Logic / E. Structures of Logic / 1. Logical Form

18741

Logical formalization makes concepts precise, and also shows their interrelation [Horsten/Pettigrew]

5. Theory of Logic / J. Model Theory in Logic / 1. Logical Models

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Models are sets with functions and relations, and truth built up from the components [Horsten/Pettigrew]

5. Theory of Logic / L. Paradox / 7. Paradoxes of Time

1902	Since Socrates either died when he was alive (a contradiction) or died when he was dead (meaningless), he didn't die [Sext.Empiricus]