Combining Texts

Ideas for 'Essays on Intellectual Powers: Senses', 'Is Mathematics purely Linguistic?' and 'The Ethics'

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4 ideas

7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 1. Nature of Existence
Accepting the existence of anything presupposes the notion of existence [Reid]
     Full Idea: The belief of the existence of anything seems to suppose a notion of existence - a notion too abstract, perhaps, to enter into the mind of an infant.
     From: Thomas Reid (Essays on Intellectual Powers 2: Senses [1785], 05)
     A reaction: But even a small infant has to cope with the experience of waking up from a dream. I don't see how existence can be anything other than a primitive concept in any system of ontology.
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 2. Types of Existence
Outside the mind, there are just things and their properties [Spinoza]
     Full Idea: Outside the intellect, there is nothing but substances and their affections.
     From: Baruch de Spinoza (The Ethics [1675], I Pr 04)
     A reaction: This is pretty close to the very sparse ontology espoused by modern philosophers who take their lead from the logic.
The more reality a thing has, the more attributes it has [Spinoza]
     Full Idea: The more reality or being a thing possesses, the more attributes belong to it.
     From: Baruch de Spinoza (The Ethics [1675], I Pr 09)
     A reaction: This commitment to degrees of existence (which I find baffling) is presumably to enable God to be the thing with infinite attributes, and an infinite degree of Being. What percentage of Being would you say you've got (on a good day)?
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 5. Reason for Existence
There must always be a reason or cause why some triangle does or does not exist [Spinoza]
     Full Idea: If a triangle exists, there must be a reason or cause why it exists; and if it does not exist, there must be a reason or cause which hinders its existence or which negates it.
     From: Baruch de Spinoza (The Ethics [1675], I Pr 11)
     A reaction: Hm. Spinoza is setting up a defence of the ontological argument, which seems to require that he lower his normal high standards of argument.