Combining Texts
Ideas for
'The Nature of Things', 'On Freedom' and 'Problems of Philosophy'
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15 ideas
8. Modes of Existence / A. Relations / 1. Nature of Relations
5371
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Because we depend on correspondence, we know relations better than we know the items that relate [Russell]
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5407
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That Edinburgh is north of London is a non-mental fact, so relations are independent universals [Russell]
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8. Modes of Existence / B. Properties / 5. Natural Properties
15728
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The naturalness of a class depends as much on the observers as on the objects [Quinton]
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9407
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Properties imply natural classes which can be picked out by everybody [Quinton]
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8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 1. Universals
5383
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Every complete sentence must contain at least one word (a verb) which stands for a universal [Russell]
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4428
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Propositions express relations (prepositions and verbs) as well as properties (nouns and adjectives) [Russell]
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5406
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Confused views of reality result from thinking that only nouns and adjectives represent universals [Russell]
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4479
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All universals are like the relation "is north of", in having no physical location at all [Russell, by Loux]
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8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 2. Need for Universals
4427
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Every sentence contains at least one word denoting a universal, so we need universals to know truth [Russell]
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4030
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Russell claims that universals are needed to explain a priori knowledge (as their relations) [Russell, by Mellor/Oliver]
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8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 4. Uninstantiated Universals
15729
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Uninstantiated properties must be defined using the instantiated ones [Quinton]
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5409
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Normal existence is in time, so we must say that universals 'subsist' [Russell]
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8. Modes of Existence / D. Universals / 5. Universals as Concepts
5408
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If we identify whiteness with a thought, we can never think of it twice; whiteness is the object of a thought [Russell]
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8. Modes of Existence / E. Nominalism / 2. Resemblance Nominalism
4441
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'Resemblance Nominalism' won't work, because the theory treats resemblance itself as a universal [Russell]
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8. Modes of Existence / E. Nominalism / 4. Concept Nominalism
4429
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If we consider whiteness to be merely a mental 'idea', we rob it of its universality [Russell]
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