Combining Texts

Ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'Axioms for the Part Relation' and 'System of Logic'

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3 ideas

9. Objects / C. Structure of Objects / 8. Parts of Objects / a. Parts of objects
Whatever is made up of parts is made up of parts of those parts [Mill]
     Full Idea: Whatever is made up of parts is made up of parts of those parts.
     From: John Stuart Mill (System of Logic [1843], 3.24.5)
     A reaction: Mill considers this principle to be fundamental to the possibilities of arithmetic. Presumably he thought of it as an inductive inference from our dealings with physical objects.
In the military, persons are parts of parts of large units, but not parts of those large units [Rescher]
     Full Idea: In military usage, persons can be parts of small units, and small units parts of large ones; but persons are never parts of large units.
     From: Nicholas Rescher (Axioms for the Part Relation [1955]), quoted by Achille Varzi - Mereology 2.1
     A reaction: This much-cited objection to the transitivity of the 'part' relation seems very odd. There could hardly be an army or a regiment if there weren't soldiers to make up parts of it.
9. Objects / D. Essence of Objects / 7. Essence and Necessity / a. Essence as necessary properties
The essence is that without which a thing can neither be, nor be conceived to be [Mill]
     Full Idea: The essence of a thing was said to be that without which the thing could neither be, nor be conceived to be.
     From: John Stuart Mill (System of Logic [1843], 1.6.2)
     A reaction: Fine cites this as the 'modal' account of essence, as opposed to the 'definitional' account.