Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'fragments/reports', 'Mathematics and Philosophy: grand and little' and 'Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo'

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24 ideas

1. Philosophy / D. Nature of Philosophy / 5. Aims of Philosophy / e. Philosophy as reason
Philosophy aims to reveal the grandeur of mathematics [Badiou]
     Full Idea: Philosophy's role consists in informing mathematics of its own speculative grandeur.
     From: Alain Badiou (Mathematics and Philosophy: grand and little [2004], p.11)
     A reaction: Revealing the grandeur of something sounds more like a rhetorical than a rational exercise. How would you reveal the grandeur of a sunset to someone?
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 1. On Reason
We are coerced into assent to a truth by reason's violence [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: We are coerced into assent to a truth by reason's violence.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.10)
2. Reason / A. Nature of Reason / 4. Aims of Reason
The mind is compelled by necessary truths, but not by contingent truths [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: Mind is compelled by necessary truths that can't be regarded as false, but not by contingent ones that might be false.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.h to 12)
3. Truth / A. Truth Problems / 3. Value of Truth
For the mind Good is one truth among many, and Truth is one good among many [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: Good itself as taken in by mind is one truth among others, and truth itself as goal of mind's activity is one good among others.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.reply)
6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 1. Mathematics
In mathematics, if a problem can be formulated, it will eventually be solved [Badiou]
     Full Idea: Only in mathematics can one unequivocally maintain that if thought can formulate a problem, it can and will solve it, regardless of how long it takes.
     From: Alain Badiou (Mathematics and Philosophy: grand and little [2004], p.17)
     A reaction: I hope this includes proving the Continuum Hypothesis, and Goldbach's Conjecture. It doesn't seem quite true, but it shows why philosophers of a rationalist persuasion are drawn to mathematics.
6. Mathematics / A. Nature of Mathematics / 5. The Infinite / a. The Infinite
Mathematics shows that thinking is not confined to the finite [Badiou]
     Full Idea: Mathematics teaches us that there is no reason whatsoever to confne thinking within the ambit of finitude.
     From: Alain Badiou (Mathematics and Philosophy: grand and little [2004], p.19)
     A reaction: This would perhaps make Cantor the greatest thinker who ever lived. It is an exhilarating idea, but we should ward the reader against romping of into unrestrained philosophical thought about infinities. You may be jumping without your Cantorian parachute.
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 3. Being / a. Nature of Being
Mathematics inscribes being as such [Badiou]
     Full Idea: Mathematics inscribes being as such.
     From: Alain Badiou (Mathematics and Philosophy: grand and little [2004], p.12)
     A reaction: I don't pretend to understand that, but there is something about the purity and certainty of mathematics that makes us feel we are grappling with the core of existence. Perhaps. The same might be said of stubbing your toe on a bedpost.
7. Existence / A. Nature of Existence / 6. Criterion for Existence
It is of the essence of being to appear [Badiou]
     Full Idea: It is of the essence of being to appear.
     From: Alain Badiou (Mathematics and Philosophy: grand and little [2004], p.16)
     A reaction: Nice slogan. In my humble opinion 'continental' philosophy is well worth reading because, despite the fluffy rhetoric and the shameless egotism and the desire to shock the bourgeoisie, they occasionally make wonderfully thought-provoking remarks.
12. Knowledge Sources / D. Empiricism / 5. Empiricism Critique
Knowledge may be based on senses, but we needn't sense all our knowledge [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: All our knowledge comes through our senses, but that doesn't mean that everything we know is sensed.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.h to 18)
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 3. Constraints on the will
If we saw something as totally and utterly good, we would be compelled to will it [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: Something apprehended to be good and appropriate in any and every circumstance that could be thought of would compel us to will it.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.reply)
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 4. For Free Will
Nothing can be willed except what is good, but good is very varied, and so choices are unpredictable [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: Nothing can be willed except good, but many and various things are good, and you can't conclude from this that wills are compelled to choose this or that one.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.h to 05)
However habituated you are, given time to ponder you can go against a habit [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: However habituated you are, given time to ponder you can go against a habit.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.h to 24)
Since will is a reasoning power, it can entertain opposites, so it is not compelled to embrace one of them [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: Reasoning powers can entertain opposite objects. Now will is a reasoning power, so will can entertain opposites and is not compelled to embrace one of them.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.x2)
The will is not compelled to move, even if pleasant things are set before it [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: The will is not compelled to move, for it doesn't have to want the pleasant things set before it.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.h to 21)
Because the will moves by examining alternatives, it doesn't compel itself to will [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: Because will moves itself by deliberation - a kind of investigation which doesn't prove some one way correct but examines the alternatives - will doesn't compel itself to will.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.reply)
16. Persons / F. Free Will / 5. Against Free Will
We must admit that when the will is not willing something, the first movement to will must come from outside the will [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: We are forced to admit that, in any will that is not always willing, the very first movement to will must come from outside, stimulating the will to start willing.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.reply)
     A reaction: cf Nietzsche
20. Action / B. Preliminaries of Action / 2. Willed Action / a. Will to Act
The will must aim at happiness, but can choose the means [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: The will is compelled by its ultimate goal (to achieve happiness), but not by the means to achieve it.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.07)
We don't have to will even perfect good, because we can choose not to think of it [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: The will can avoid actually willing something by avoiding thinking of it, since mental activity is subject to will. In this respect we aren't compelled to will even total happiness, which is the only perfect good.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.h to 07)
The will can only want what it thinks is good [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: Will's object is what is good, and so it cannot will anything but what is good.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.06)
21. Aesthetics / B. Nature of Art / 8. The Arts / b. Literature
All great poetry is engaged in rivalry with mathematics [Badiou]
     Full Idea: Like every great poet, Mallarmé was engaged in a tacit rivalry with mathematics.
     From: Alain Badiou (Mathematics and Philosophy: grand and little [2004], p.20)
     A reaction: I love these French pronouncements! Would Mallarmé have agreed? If poetry and mathematics are the poles, where is philosophy to be found?
21. Aesthetics / C. Artistic Issues / 7. Art and Morality
Musical performance can reveal a range of virtues [Damon of Ath.]
     Full Idea: In singing and playing the lyre, a boy will be likely to reveal not only courage and moderation, but also justice.
     From: Damon (fragments/reports [c.460 BCE], B4), quoted by (who?) - where?
22. Metaethics / A. Ethics Foundations / 1. Nature of Ethics / g. Moral responsibility
Without free will not only is ethical action meaningless, but also planning, commanding, praising and blaming [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: If we are not free to will in any way, but are compelled, everything that makes up ethics vanishes: pondering action, exhorting, commanding, punishing, praising, condemning.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.reply)
     A reaction: If doesn't require some magical 'free will' to avoid compulsions. All that is needed is freedom to enact your own willing, rather than someone else's.
22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 1. Goodness / g. Consequentialism
Good applies to goals, just as truth applies to ideas in the mind [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: Good applies to all goals, just as truth applies to all forms mind takes in.
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.reply)
     A reaction: In danger of being tautological, if good is understood as no more than the goal of actions. It seems perfectly possibly to pursue a wicked end, and perhaps feel guilty about it.
26. Natural Theory / C. Causation / 9. General Causation / d. Causal necessity
Even a sufficient cause doesn't compel its effect, because interference could interrupt the process [Aquinas]
     Full Idea: Even a sufficient cause doesn't always compel its effect, since it can sometimes be interfered with so that its effect doesn't happen
     From: Thomas Aquinas (Quaestiones Disputatae de Malo [1271], Q6.h to 15)