Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Ethical Studies', 'works' and 'Schopenhauer'

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4 ideas

11. Knowledge Aims / C. Knowing Reality / 3. Idealism / d. Absolute idealism

21912	Fichte, Schelling and Hegel rejected transcendental idealism [Lewis,PB]
	Full Idea: Fichte, Schelling and Hegel were united in their opposition to Kant's Transcendental Idealism.
	From: Peter B. Lewis (Schopenhauer [2012], 3)
	A reaction: That is, they preferred genuine idealism, to the mere idealist attitude Kant felt that we are forced to adopt.

21911	Fichte, Hegel and Schelling developed versions of Absolute Idealism [Lewis,PB]
	Full Idea: At the University of Jena, Fichte, Hegel and Schelling critically developed aspects of Kant's philosophy, each in his own way, thereby giving rise to the movement known as Absolute Idealism, see reality as universal God-like self-consciousness.
	From: Peter B. Lewis (Schopenhauer [2012], 2)
	A reaction: Is asking how anyone can possibly have believed such a bizarre and ridiculous idea a) uneducated, b) stupid, c) unimaginative, or d) very sensible? It sounds awfully like Spinoza's concept of God. Also Anaxagoras.

18. Thought / E. Abstraction / 8. Abstractionism Critique

8638	Thomae's idea of abstract from peculiarities gives a general concept, and leaves the peculiarities [Frege on Thomae]
	Full Idea: When Thomae says "abstract from the peculiarities of the individual members of a set of items", or "disregard those characteristics which serve to distinguish them", we get a general concept under which they fall. The things keep their characteristics.
	From: comment on C.J. Thomae (works [1869], §34) by Gottlob Frege - Grundlagen der Arithmetik (Foundations) §34
	A reaction: Interesting. You don't have to leave out their distinctive fur in order to count cats. But you have to focus on some aspect of them, because they aren't 'three meats'.

22. Metaethics / C. The Good / 2. Happiness / d. Routes to happiness

5655	Happiness is not satisfaction of desires, but fulfilment of values [Bradley, by Scruton]
	Full Idea: For Bradley, the happiness of the individual is not to be understood in terms of his desires and needs, but rather in terms of his values - which is to say, in terms of those of his desires which he incorporates into his self.
	From: report of F.H. Bradley (Ethical Studies [1876]) by Roger Scruton - Short History of Modern Philosophy Ch.16
	A reaction: Good. Bentham will reduce the values to a further set of desires, so that a value is a complex (second-level?) desire. I prefer to think of values as judgements, but I like Scruton's phrase of 'incorporating into his self'. Kant take note (Idea 1452).