Combining Texts

All the ideas for 'Leibniz: Guide for the Perplexed', 'A General Principle to Explain Laws of Nature' and 'Lectures on the History of Philosophy'

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4 ideas

1. Philosophy / D. Nature of Philosophy / 2. Invocation to Philosophy

19395	Philosophy is sanctified, because it flows from God [Leibniz]
	Full Idea: Philosophy is sanctified by having its streams flow from the fountain of God's attributes.
	From: Gottfried Leibniz (A General Principle to Explain Laws of Nature [1687], p.69)

1. Philosophy / D. Nature of Philosophy / 3. Philosophy Defined

21757	Philosophy is the conceptual essence of the shape of history [Hegel]
	Full Idea: Philosophy is the supreme blossom - the concept - of the entire shape of history, the consciousness and the spiritual essence of the whole situation, the spirit of the age as the spirit present and aware of itself in thought.
	From: Georg W.F.Hegel (Lectures on the History of Philosophy [1830], p.25), quoted by Stephen Houlgate - An Introduction to Hegel 01
	A reaction: This sees philosophy as intrinsically historical, which is a founding idea for 'continental' philosophy. Analysis is tied to science, in which the history of the subject is seen as irrelevant to its truth. Does this mean we can't go back to Aristotle?

9. Objects / B. Unity of Objects / 2. Substance / d. Substance defined

19347	Substance needs independence, unity, and stability (for individuation); also it is a subject, for predicates [Perkins]
	Full Idea: For individuation, substance needs three properties: independence, to separate it from other things; unity, to call it one thing, rather than an aggregate; and permanence or stability over time. Its other role is as subject for predicates.
	From: Franklin Perkins (Leibniz: Guide for the Perplexed [2007], 3.1)
	A reaction: Perkins is describing the Aristotelian view, which is taken up by Leibniz. 'Substance' is not a controversial idea, if we see that it only means that the world is full of 'things'. It is an unusual philosopher wholly totally denies that.

9. Objects / F. Identity among Objects / 1. Concept of Identity

19394	Inequality can be brought infinitely close to equality [Leibniz]
	Full Idea: Equality may be considered as an infinitely small inequality, and we may make inequality approach equality as much as we wish.
	From: Gottfried Leibniz (A General Principle to Explain Laws of Nature [1687], p.67)
	A reaction: An interesting response to David Lewis's brusque dismissal of the problem of identity, as all-or-nothing...end of story.